Table 2.

Recurrence risk of congenital heart disease

Atrial septal defect	4.5%–6%
Ventricular septal defect	6%–9.5%
Patent ductus arteriosus	4%
Atrioventricular septal defect	7.5%–15%
Ebstein	3.9%–6%
Tetralogy of Fallot	2.5%–10%*
Transposition of the great arteries	0.5%†
Bicuspid aortic valve	4.6%–9.3%
Aortic coarctation	4%
Marfan syndrome	50%
Pulmonary valve stenosis	7%

Modified and updated from van Hagen/Roos-Hesselink, SA Heart 2014.

*Range varies to 50% if associated with 22q11.2 deletion.

†Total recurrence risk, affected mother or father.