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. 2020 Nov 6;8:596658. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2020.596658

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Copyright © 2020 Chen, Xie, Wang and Li.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Programming of photoactivatable immunodevice. (A) Schematic of the design of photoactivatable immunodevice through the integration of UCNPs with the UV light-responsive PCpG. UCNPs act as transducer to upconvert NIR light into UV light locally, thus liberate CpG ODN from PCpG to achieve the refined temporal control on its immunoactivity. (B) Illustration of the photoactivatable immunodevice, PCpG/UCs, for spatially selective triggering of immunoactivity through NIR light irradiation. In contrast to traditional CpG delivery system (CpG/UCs), PCpG/UCs is amenable to personalizing the antitumor modality with reduced systemic toxicity. Copyright 2019, Nature Publishing Group (Chu et al., 2019).