Table 4.
Hazard risk for mortality in inpatients with COVID-19 with and without T2DM
| Non-T2DM | T2DM | |||||||
| Univariate Cox model | Multivariate Cox model | Univariate Cox model | Multivariate Cox model | |||||
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Pulmonary complications | ||||||||
| ARDS | 19.79 (10.95 to 35.76) | <0.001 | 12.18 (5.74 to 25.89) | <0.001 | 12.74 (3.95 to 41.10) | <0.001 | 7.96 (2.25 to 28.24) | 0.001 |
| Extrapulmonary complications | ||||||||
| ACI | 10.76 (.60 to 15.24) | <0.001 | 4.42 (2.73 to 7.15) | <0.001 | 4.18 (2.17 to 8.04) | <0.001 | 1.04 (0.41 to 2.63) | 0.938 |
| Acute liver injury | 5.16 (2.52 to 10.57) | <0.001 | 1.18 (0.48 to 2.88) | 0.723 | 2.23 (0.30 to 16.31) | 0.430 | NA | NA |
| AKI | 7.90 (5.74 to 10.87) | <0.001 | 1.06 (0.62 to 1.80) | 0.842 | 3.82 (2.13 to 6.83) | <0.001 | 1.29 (0.57 to 2.90) | 0.540 |
| Coagulopathy | 5.30 (3.83 to 7.34) | <0.001 | 1.23 (0.74 to 2.05) | 0.420 | 2.81 (1.59 to 4.99) | <0.001 | 2.37 (1.08 to 5.21) | 0.032 |
| D-dimer (μg/mL) | 1.03 (1.02 to 1.03) | <0.001 | 1.01 (1.00 to 1.02) | 0.041 | 1.02 (1.01 to 1.03) | 0.008 | 1.02 (0.99 to 1.04) | 0.093 |
| Hypoproteinemia | 4.35 (3.13 to 6.05) | <0.001 | 1.22 (0.78 to 1.90) | 0.381 | 2.53 (1.43 to 4.48) | 0.001 | 1.89 (0.79 to 4.51) | 0.155 |
| Secondary infection | 2.42 (1.64 to 3.58) | <0.001 | 0.64 (0.39 to 1.04) | 0.070 | 1.01 (0.47 to 2.18) | 0.980 | 0.46 (0.16 to 1.31) | 0.146 |
| Antiplatelet therapy | 1.89 (1.02 to 3.50) | 0.043 | 2.40 (0.98 to 5.92) | 0.057 | 0.85 (0.18 to 1.87) | 0.360 | 0.36 (0.08 to 1.66) | 0.191 |
| Anticoagulant therapy | 2.77 (2.00 to 3.85) | <0.001 | 0.91 (0.58 to 1.44) | 0.689 | 2.18 (1.19 to 3.98) | 0.011 | 0.85 (0.32 to 2.27) | 0.751 |
| Number of complications | ||||||||
| 0 (reference) | ||||||||
| 1 | 11.53 (3.34 to 39.90) | <0.001 | 11.40 (1.27 to 102.32) | 0.030 | ||||
| 2 | 55.43 (16.84 to 182.40) | <0.001 | 11.25 (1.50 to 99.99) | 0.020 | ||||
| 3 | 129.72 (38.91 to 432.46) | <0.001 | 49.60 (6.35 to 387.40) | <0.001 | ||||
| 4 | 86.52 (25.80 to 290.22) | <0.001 | 36.68 (4.64 to 289.83) | <0.001 | ||||
| 5 | 151.86 (43.26 to 533.15) | <0.001 | 69.68 (7.15 to 679.17) | <0.001 | ||||
| 6 | 117.26 (32.17 to 427.42) | <0.001 | 30.59 (3.14 to 298.27) | 0.003 | ||||
| 7 | 88.91 (14.79 to 534.55) | <0.001 | NA | NA | ||||
ARDS, ACI, acute liver injury, AKI, coagulopathy, hypoproteinemia, and secondary infection were included in the multivariate Cox model.
ACI, acute cardiac injury; AKI, acute kidney injury; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.