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. 2020 Nov 20;17:41. doi: 10.1186/s12014-020-09305-7

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 3 — Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer. Digital rectal exam is a key component of the physical assessment of the prostate gland (a). Men with a DRE that is indicative of PCa are recommended for transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy (TRUS) (b). Up to 12 cores of tumour tissue are sampled using real-time ultrasound imaging to guide the needle to suspected tumour regions. The false negative rate can be as high as 35% in first time biopsies. MRI-TRUS fusion fuses pre-biopsy MRI images with real-time ultrasound imaging using a digital overlay to accurately guide the needle towards previously delineated regions of suspected tumour (c)