Table 1.
Distribution of demographic and clinical characteristics among bladder cancer cases and controls from the Women's Health Initiative
| Cases (n = 412) | Controls (n = 424) | |
|---|---|---|
| WHI Arm (N, %) | ||
| OS | 213 (52%) | 218 (52%) |
| CT: HT and DM | 24 (6%) | 26 (6%) |
| CT: HT only | 55 (13%) | 56 (13%) |
| CT: DM only | 120 (29%) | 124 (29%) |
| Age (N, %) | ||
| < 50–59 | 97 (24%) | 100 (24%) |
| 60–69 | 194 (47%) | 203 (48%) |
| 70–79+ | 121 (29%) | 121 (28%) |
| Year of Enrollment (N, %) | ||
| 1994 - 1995 | 105 (25%) | 109 (26%) |
| 1996 | 125 (30%) | 127 (30%) |
| 1997 | 114 (28%) | 116 (27%) |
| 1998 | 68 (17%) | 72 (17%) |
| DNA Extraction Method (N, %) | ||
| 5-prime | 397 (96%) | 408 (96%) |
| Phenol | 15 (4%) | 16 (4%) |
| Race/Ethnicity (N, %) | ||
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 4 (1%) | 12 (3%) |
| Black/African American | 24 (6%) | 40 (9%) |
| Hispanic | 7 (2%) | 16 (4%) |
| Non-Hispanic White | 375 (91%) | 349 (82%) |
| Other | 2 (< 1%) | 7 (2%) |
| Smoking (N, %) | ||
| Never Smoked | 155 (38%) | 234 (55%) |
| Past Smoker | 204 (49%) | 172 (41%) |
| Current Smoker | 53 (13%) | 18 (4%) |
| Pack-Years (N, %) | ||
| Never Smoker | 155 (38%) | 234 (55%) |
| > 0 - < 30 | 145 (35%) | 137 (32%) |
| ≥ 30 | 112 (27%) | 53 (13%) |
Abbreviations: OS Observational study; CT Clinical trials; HT Hormone therapy clinical trial; DM Dietary modification clinical trial