TABLE 3.
Fixed-Effect Models of Variables Associated With PSC: Regression Coefficients and Confidence Intervals (β [95% CI])
| Explanatory Variables | PSC (2-Level) | Sub-PSC | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-PE (2-Level) | 2-MRR (2-Level) | 3-MS (2-Level) | 4-SE (3-Level) | 5-SW (2-Level) | 6-RAE (2-Level) | 7-DMP (2-Level) | 8-WC (1-Level) | 9-TR (2-Level) | 10-TH (2-Level) | ||
| Constant | 3.56 (3.48 to 3.65) | 3.77 (3.66 to 3.88) | 3.73 (3.61 to 3.86) | 3.39 (3.23 to 3.54) | 3.69 (3.46 to 3.92) | 2.87 (2.70 to 3.03) | 3.62 (3.49 to 3.75) | 3.22 (3.06 to 3.39) | 3.85 (3.75 to 3.96) | 3.69 (3.49 to 3.88) | 3.73 (3.60 to 3.86) |
| Age (≤34 y as reference) | |||||||||||
| 35–54 | −0.01 (−0.06 to 0.05) | −0.03 (−0.10 to 0.05) | −0.04 (−0.13 to 0.04) | −0.02 (−0.12 to 0.08) | 0.04 (−0.06 to 0.15) | 0.10 (−0.01 to 0.20) | −0.07 (−0.16 to 0.02) | 0.02 (−0.08 to 0.13) | 0.01 (−0.06 to 0.08) | −0.05 (−0.17 to 0.07) | −0.03 (−0.11 to 0.05) |
| ≥55 | −0.02 (−0.12 to 0.09) | −0.06 (−0.20 to 0.09) | −0.05 (−0.21 to 0.11) | −0.01 (−0.19 to 0.18) | 0.08 (−0.12 to 0.28) | 0.25 (0.05 to 0.45) | −0.10 (−0.28 to 0.07) | 0.04 (−0.16 to 0.24) | −0.16 (−0.30 to −0.02) | 0.01 (−0.23 to 0.25) | −0.17 (−0.33 to −0.01) |
| Sex (male as reference) | |||||||||||
| Female | 0.10 (0.05 to 0.14) | 0.08 (0.02 to 0.14) | 0.07 (0.00 to 0.13) | 0.15 (0.07 to 0.22) | 0.09 (0.00 to 0.17) | 0.03 (−0.05 to 0.12) | 0.14 (0.07 to 0.21) | 0.23 (0.15 to 0.32) | 0.06 (0.00 to 0.12) | 0.01 (−0.08 to 0.11) | 0.11 (0.04 to 0.18) |
| Education (no university degree as reference) | |||||||||||
| Bachelor degree | −0.02 (−0.05 to 0.02) | 0.03 (−0.02 to 0.08) | 0.02 (−0.03 to 0.08) | 0.08 (0.02 to 0.14) | −0.02 (−0.09 to 0.05) | −0.17 (−0.24 to −0.10) | −0.01 (−0.07 to 0.05) | 0.01 (−0.06 to 0.08) | 0.02 (−0.03 to 0.07) | −0.12 (−0.20 to −0.04) | −0.00 (−0.06 to 0.05) |
| Masters or higher degree | −0.07 (−0.13 to −0.01) | 0.01 (−0.07 to 0.10) | −0.06 (−0.16 to 0.03) | 0.08 (−0.03 to 0.19) | −0.07 (−0.18 to 0.05) | −0.13 (−0.25 to −0.01) | −0.17 (−0.27 to −0.07) | −0.02 (−0.14 to 0.10) | 0.05 (−0.03 to 0.12) | −0.37 (−0.51 to −0.23) | −0.02 (−0.11 to 0.08) |
| Years of working in health industry (≤10 y as reference) | |||||||||||
| 11–20 | −0.10 (−0.16 to −0.03) | −0.03 (−0.11 to 0.06) | −0.02 (−0.12 to 0.08) | −0.10 (−0.21 to 0.02) | −0.20 (−0.32 to −0.08) | −0.27 (−0.39 to −0.14) | −0.05 (−0.15 to 0.06) | −0.09 (−0.21 to 0.03) | −0.00 (−0.08 to 0.09) | −0.20 (−0.34 to −0.06) | −0.05 (−0.15 to 0.04) |
| ≥21 | −0.02 (−0.10 to 0.06) | 0.07 (−0.04 to 0.18) | 0.06 (−0.06 to 0.19) | −0.01 (−0.15 to 0.14) | −0.07 (−0.22 to 0.08) | −0.30 (−0.46 to −0.15) | 0.05 (−0.08 to 0.19) | −0.05 (−0.20 to 0.10) | 0.13 (0.03 to 0.24) | −0.14 (−0.32 to 0.04) | 0.01 (−0.12 to 0.13) |
| Years of working with current employer (≤10 y as reference) | |||||||||||
| 11–20 | −0.00 (−0.06 to 0.06) | 0.00 (−0.08 to 0.09) | −0.01 (−0.10 to 0.08) | −0.09 (−0.20 to 0.01) | 0.01 (−0.11 to 0.12) | 0.02 (−0.09 to 0.14) | −0.02 (−0.12 to 0.08) | −0.03 (−0.14 to 0.08) | 0.00 (−0.08 to 0.08) | 0.13 (−0.01 to 0.26) | 0.01 (−0.08 to 0.10) |
| ≥21 | −0.07 (−0.15 to 0.01) | −0.08 (−0.19 to 0.02) | −0.07 (−0.18 to 0.05) | −0.10 (−0.23 to 0.04) | −0.15 (−0.30 to −0.01) | 0.01 (−0.14 to 0.15) | −0.05 (−0.17 to 0.08) | −0.02 (−0.17 to 0.12) | −0.07 (−0.17 to 0.03) | −0.10 (−0.27 to 0.07) | −0.06 (−0.17 to 0.06) |
| Average daily workload (≤8 h as reference) | |||||||||||
| 9–10 | −0.07 (−0.10 to −0.03) | −0.06 (−0.11 to −0.01) | −0.01 (−0.06 to 0.05) | −0.04 (−0.11 to 0.02) | −0.04 (−0.11 to 0.03) | −0.30 (−0.37 to −0.23) | 0.00 (−0.06 to 0.06) | −0.06 (−0.12 to 0.01) | −0.03 (−0.08 to 0.02) | −0.11 (−0.19 to −0.03) | −0.03 (−0.09 to 0.02) |
| ≥11 | −0.10 (−0.16 to −0.04) | −0.03 (−0.11 to 0.05) | −0.05 (−0.14 to 0.05) | 0.06 (−0.05 to 0.16) | −0.10 (−0.21 to 0.01) | −0.51 (−0.62 to −0.39) | −0.09 (−0.19 to 0.01) | −0.07 (−0.18 to 0.04) | −0.04 (−0.11 to 0.04) | −0.13 (−0.27 to 0.00) | −0.04 (−0.13 to 0.05) |
| Patient contacts (indirect as reference) | |||||||||||
| Direct | 0.05 (−0.01 to 0.11) | 0.10 (0.02 to 0.18) | 0.10 (0.01 to 0.20) | 0.05 (−0.06 to 0.15) | −0.02 (−0.14 to 0.09) | −0.15 (−0.26 to −0.03) | 0.00 (−0.10 to 0.10) | 0.12 (0.01 to 0.23) | 0.11 (0.03 to 0.19) | 0.05 (−0.09 to 0.18) | 0.11 (0.01 to 0.20) |
| Job position (manager as reference) | |||||||||||
| Frontline worker | −0.07 (−0.13 to −0.00) | 0.01 (−0.07 to 0.10) | −0.11 (−0.20 to −0.02) | −0.18 (−0.28 to −0.07) | −0.23 (−0.35 to −0.11) | −0.01 (−0.13 to 0.11) | 0.03 (−0.08 to 0.13) | −0.11 (−0.23 to 0.01) | 0.00 (−0.08 to 0.09) | −0.07 (−0.20 to 0.07) | −0.01 (−0.10 to 0.09) |
Bold numbers indicate that the regression coefficients are significant (P < 0.05).