Table 1:

Summary of phytochemical and microbiota interaction

Phytochemical	Altered microbiota	Reference
Flavonoids	Bacteroides galacturonics, Lactobacillus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus caccae, Bifidobacterium catenulatum, Ruminococcus gauvreauii	29
	Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Clostridium, Bacteriodies	33
	Eubacterium ramulus, Clostridium orbiscindens	34, 35
Anthocyanins	Bifidobacterium ssp., Lactovacillus ssp., Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium	33, 46, 47
	Eubacterium ramulus, Clostridium saccbarogumia	48
	Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Lactobacillus spp., Desulfovibrio ssp., Enterococcus spp.	49
	Firmicutes (Clostridium spp.). Bacteroidetes (Barnesiella spp.)	50
	Bacterodies, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium	51
	Bilophila wadsworthia, Gammaproteobacteria	52, 53
	Eggerthella lenta, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus	54
	Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria	55
Hydrolyzable Tannins	Bacteroides, Prevotella, Ruminococcus, Coriobacteriaceae	64
	Clostridium, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides	65, 66
	Bifidobacterium, Clostridium	67
Carotenoids	Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria; Butyricimonas, Bilophila, Parabacteroides; Verrucomicrobia, Akkermansia	78
	Helicobacter pylori	79
	Proteobaceria, Bacterioides, Actinobacteria, Bifidobacterium	80
Fibers and butyrates	Clostridia, Actinobacteria, Bifidobacteriales	93
	Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Eubacteriaceae, Porphyromonadaceae	94