Table 2. Neuropsychological assessment (Computerized Neurocognitive Assessment and Continuous Performance Test) scores of the groups.
| Neuropsychological findings | SCT w/o ADHD (n=31) | SCT + ADHD (n=67) | ADHD w/o SCT (n=146) | TH (n=92) | p-value | Group comparisons |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CNSVS domain score | ||||||
| Neurocognition Index | 83.1±12.5 | 79.2±13.8 | 81.2±11.6 | 98.3±12.8 | < 0.001 | All groups < TD |
| Total memory score | 81.9±26.0 | 81.9±25.2 | 84.9±21.4 | 96.7±18.1 | < 0.001 | All groups < TD |
| Psychomotor speed score | 92.8±11.7 | 89.4±12.5 | 84.7±17.5 | 102.6±18.5 | < 0.001 | ADHD w/o SCT and SCT + ADHD < TD |
| Reaction time score | 70.1±17.7 | 73.4±24.5 | 73.5±25.1 | 82.9±33.3 | < 0.001 | All groups < TD |
| Complex attention score | 85.7±17.4 | 70.6±32.7 | 77.6±20.0 | 104.2±13.5 | < 0.001 | All groups < TD |
| Cognitive flexibility score | 84.1±19.4 | 79.3±14.8 | 85.4±13.1 | 105.2±17.5 | < 0.001 | All groups < TD |
| CPT | ||||||
| Correct hits | 37.6±2.4 | 37.4±3 | 35.8±4.5 | 39.2±1 | < 0.001 | All groups < TD |
| Omission errors | 2.3±2.4 | 2.5±3 | 3.9±3.9 | 0.7±1.9 | < 0.001 | TD < All groups |
| Commission errors | 3.7±4.8 | 7.4±12.3 | 5.9±7.5 | 1.5±1.6 | < 0.001 | TD < All groups |
| Reaction time score | 590.2±168.1 | 579.2±90.3 | 527.7±85.4 | 477±76.5 | < 0.001 | TD < All groups ADHD w/o SCT < SCT + ADHD |
| Test time | 28.1±2.8 | 27.8±2.6 | 26.6±2.0 | 23.3±1.6 | < 0.001 | TD < All groups |
Data presented as mean ± standard deviation.
ADHD = attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; CNSVS = Computerized Neurocognitive Assessment - Vital Signs; CPT = Continuous Performance Test; SCT = sluggish cognitive tempo; TD = typically developing controls; w/o = without.