Table 6.

Loadings and weights from the measurement models for full sample and the three wealth groups.

Variables	Full sample		Lower wealth		Medium wealth		Higher wealth

	l / w	p-value	l / w	p-value	l / w	p-value	l / w	p-value
*Individual attributes (w)*
Age	−0.625	0.000^***	−0.709	0.000^***	−0.624	0.000^***	−0.440	0.000^***
Gender	0.381	0.000^***	0.403	0.000^***	0.466	0.000^***	0.354	0.000^***
Education	0.376	0.000^***	0.311	0.006^***	0.317	0.003^***	0.498	0.000^***
*Household demographics (l)*
Household size	0.776	0.000^***	0.724	0.000^***	0.758	0.002^***	0.628	0.042^**
Children	0.703	0.000^***	0.584	0.000^***	0.698	0.006^***	0.548	0.050^**
Non-working adults	0.744	0.000^***	0.747	0.000^***	0.339	0.427	0.502	0.228
Dependency ratio	0.808	0.000^***	0.896	0.000^***	0.260	0.601	0.514	0.255
*Geographic access (l)*
Elevation	0.773	0.000^***	0.762	0.000^***	0.895	0.000^***	0.538	0.000^***
Distance to road	0.847	0.000^***	0.820	0.000^***	0.764	0.000^***	0.766	0.000^***
Distance to center	0.601	0.000^***	0.648	0.008^***	0.231	0.073*	0.696	0.000^***
*Capital assets (w)*
House type	−0.289	0.000^***	−0.219	0.030^**	−0.166	0.201	−0.113	0.182
Farm tools	0.152	0.014^**	0.101	0.381	0.230	0.405	0.329	0.018^**
Transportation equipment	−0.374	0.000^***	−0.407	0.020^**	−0.017	0.993	−0.287	0.035^**
Cropland area	−0.115	0.070*	−0.349	0.014^**	0.080	0.447	−0.031	0.827
If grow GE	0.477	0.000^***	0.324	0.033^**	0.691	0.000^***	0.417	0.003^***
Animal stock	0.510	0.000^***	0.569	0.000^***	0.261	0.167	0.458	0.001^***
*Household labor availability (w)*
Farm labor	0.925	0.000^***	0.927	0.000^***	0.929	0.000^***	0.950	0.000^***
Off-farm labor	−0.285	0.000^***	−0.224	0.031^**	−0.338	0.003^***	−0.167	0.214
*Payment for ecosystem services (w)*
CCFP participation	0.438	0.056*	0.060	0.247	0.114	0.541	0.517	0.099*
EWFP subsidy	0.797	0.000^***	0.296	0.406	0.953	0.000^***	0.659	0.021^**
*Labor allocation (w)*
Local business	0.518	0.000^***	0.313	0.000^***	0.531	0.000^***	0.634	0.000^***
Local paid work	0.789	0.000^***	0.737	0.000^***	0.798	0.000^***	0.835	0.000^***
Out-migration employment	0.799	0.000^***	0.830	0.000^***	0.783	0.000^***	0.771	0.000^***
*Household land use (w)*
Renting in	−0.225	0.008^***	−0.222	0.233	0.251	0.345	−0.121	0.662
Renting out	0.933	0.000^***	0.697	0.019^**	0.943	0.000^***	0.982	0.000^***
Abandonment	0.444	0.000^***	0.567	0.024^**	0.397	0.184	0.332	0.068*

Note: l indicates reflective construct, w formative construct (see text).