Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of the study sample (N=11).
| Characteristics | Results | |
| Age (years), mean (range) | 85.72 (69-92) | |
| Biologic sex, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
Female | 9 (82) |
|
|
Male | 2 (18) |
| Marital status, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
Married | 1 (9) |
|
|
Divorced | 1 (9) |
|
|
Widowed | 9 (82) |
| Education, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
High school (some or graduated) | 2 (18) |
|
|
College (some or graduated with Bachelor’s) | 7 (64) |
|
|
Graduate School (Master’s or Doctorate) | 1 (9) |
| Independence, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
Living independently | 11 (100)a |
|
|
Living alone | 11 (100) |
|
|
Uses assistive personnel (excluding housekeeping)b | 2 (18) |
|
|
Uses a housekeeper | 10 (91) |
|
|
Uses assistive equipmentc | 4 (36) |
| Pain event (n=27), n (%) |
|
|
|
|
Acute (duration=0.25-14 days; mean duration 6.8 days) | 8 (30) |
|
|
Flare (duration=2-8 days; mean duration 6.6 days) | 19 (70) |
aOne participant entered assisted living after 17 months in the study.
bAssistive tasks: donning compression stockings (independent participant), medication administration, showering (assisted-living participant).
cEquipment: 4-wheeled walker, electric scooter, prosthetics.