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. 2020 Nov 20;10:20288. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-77265-x

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Placental CD11b⁺CD45⁺SSC^low leukocyte density decreases with prenatal stress at GD17, but cell proportions remain stable. Flow cytometric analysis of CD11b⁺CD45⁺ cells revealed (a) no change in polymorphonuclear Ly6G⁺ cell numbers (p = 0.45) but (b) a dramatic decrease in total SSC^low mononuclear cells (p < 0.0001) due to prenatal stress that was apparent across all three Ly6C subtypes (Ly6C^- alternative M2, p = 0.10; Ly6C^int transitional, p = 0.04; and Ly6C^hi classical M1, p = 0.04). However, percent of placental CD11b⁺CD45⁺ cells classified as (c) Ly6G⁺ polymorphonuclear cells (neutrophils or PMN-MDSCs; p = 0.28) and (d) SSC^low mononuclear cells did not significantly differ across treatment (Ly6C^- alternative M2, p = 0.77; Ly6C^int transitional, p = 0.50; and Ly6C^hi classical M1, p = 0.71). Likewise, (e) CCR2 median fluorescence intensity did not shift among the Mo/Mφ/M-MDSC population (p = 0.73). Data are mean ± SEM, with each dot representing a pooled sample (containing a minimum of 2 placentas) from 1 litter. NS = non-stressed, n = 6, S = stressed, n = 9; Mo/Mφ/M-MDSCs = monocytes/macrophages/monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells; MFI = median fluorescence intensity. ***p < 0.001, *p < 0.05, ^#p ≤ 0.10.