| Locomotion (L) |
| Walking |
Slow movement (pace), every leg is moved at least one step (also backwards possible). |
| Running |
Fast movement (trot and faster). |
| Jumping |
Jump over an obstacle or ditch. |
| Flight |
Abrupt escape from recent whereabouts (optionally just a few steps). |
| Olfactory behaviour (OB) |
| Sniffing |
Sniffing on the ground or between plants of the ground and herb layer. |
| Winding |
Sniffing in the air or at something (e.g., rubbing tree, camera). |
| Defecating |
Emptying of the gut. |
| Urinating |
Total drain of the bladder. |
| Vigilance behaviour (VB) |
| Getting frightened |
Short wince of the whole body. |
| Pausing |
Freeze of motion with alert view and potential additional head lift and look about. |
| Laying down |
Young boar presses its body abrupt even on the ground. |
| Guarding |
Alert milling around, with lifted head and tail, obvious tense posture. |
| Foraging behaviour (FB) |
| Pawing |
Pawing in the ground (e.g., soil, leaves) with a foreleg. |
| Rooting |
Rooting in the ground (e.g., soil, leaves) with the snout, also with brushing big branches aside. |
| Salt ingestion |
Ingestion of salt at a salt lick by licking, nibbling. |
| Sucking attempt |
Young boar attempt to suck on the sow’s teats or briefly suck at the standing sow. |
| Suckling |
Young boar are suckled by the lying sow. |
| Chewing |
Uniform opening and closing of the mouth after foraging (feeding not visible). |
| Feeding attempt |
Young boar takes soil/stone into its mouth. |
| Feeding |
Ingestion of food with the mouth and chewing afterwards. |
| Drinking |
Ingestion of water with the mouth. |
| Comfort behaviour (CB) –personal hygiene behaviour |
| Stretching |
Increasing the distance of the hind legs to the forelegs and slightly spreading of the hind legs while simultaneously scuttling with the forelegs. |
| Shaking |
Moving its body strongly, briefly and fast back and forth while standing. |
| Rubbing |
Rubbing one’s body against a tree or another wild boar. |
| Nibbling |
Nibbling/rubbing of the open mouth against the rubbing tree. |
| Scratching |
Scratching one’s body with the hind legs. |
| Scratching one’s bottom |
Rubbing one’s bottom against the ground while sitting. |
| Rolling |
Rubbing one’s body against the ground. |
| Wallowing |
Laying down (and optionally wallowing) in muddy water. |
| Social interaction (SI) |
| Active socio negative interaction |
| Threating |
Keeping another wild boar at distance by threating behaviour. |
| Pushing away softly |
Pushing another wild boar softly away with the head, the side of the body or the bottom. |
| Chasing away |
A wild boar runs after another wild boar, which departs itself afterwards. |
| Snout knock |
A wild boar knocks its head bottom-up in the direction of another wild boar (with/without touching). |
| Passive socio negative interaction |
| Retreating |
A wild boar increases the distance to another wild boar, which emitted socio negative behaviour before. |
| Socio positive interaction |
| Nose-to-nose contact |
Sniffing at or touching the snout region (being sent of one or both wild boar, also at distance). |
| Nose-to-body contact |
A wild boar sniffs at or touches another wild boar with the snout at its body or legs. |
| Playing |
Playful behaviour against other wild boar (e.g., exercise fights, apparent copulation attempt). |
| Sexual behaviour (SB) |
| Copulation attempt |
A wild boar climbs the bottom of another wild boar. |
