Table 4.
Referrals to neurovascular and spinal multidisciplinary teams
| Period | Pre-COVID-19 | COVID-19 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vascular referral age groups (years) | p < 0.01 | ||
| 0–17 | 7 | 5 | |
| 18–65 | 183 | 97 | |
| > 65 | 55 | 59 | |
| Vascular diagnosis, total (%) | 245 (100.0) | 161 (100.0) | p < 0.01 |
| Aneurysm(s) | 185 (75.5) | 132 (82.0) | |
| Previously ruptured | 79 (32.2) | 22 (13.7) | |
| Unruptured symptomatic | 6 (2.4) | 4 (2.5) | |
| Unruptured incidental | 100 (40.8) | 106 (65.8) | |
| AVMa | 34 (13.9) | 8 (5.0) | |
| Previously ruptured cranial | 12 (4.9) | 1 (0.6) | |
| Unruptured cranial | 20 (44.4) | 7 (4.3) | |
| Spinal | 2 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Cavernoma | 1 (0.4) | 5 (3.1) | |
| Other* | 25 (10.2) | 17 (10.6) | |
| Vascular treatment | |||
| Emergency, clip/coil | 6/10 | 1/17 | p > 0.05 |
| Ruptured or dissecting intracranial aneurysm | 4/6 | 1/13 | |
| Ruptured or symptomatic AVMa or AVFb | 2/4 | 0/4 | |
| Elective, clip/coil | 8/9 | 0/0 | |
| Intracranial aneurysms | 5/8 | 0/0 | |
| AVMa or AVFb | 3/1 | 0/0 | |
| Spinal MDTc referrals, total (%) | 526 (100.0) | 248 (100.0) | p < 0.001 |
| Cauda equina syndrome | 21 (4.0) | 26 (10.5) | |
| Degenerative spine | 505 (96.0) | 222 (89.5) | |
| Spinal treatment recommendation (% of total) | p > 0.05 | ||
| Routine outpatient | 334 (63.5) | 151 (60.9) | |
| Urgent outpatient | 24 (4.6) | 7 (2.8) | |
| Conservative or other | 168 (31.9) | 90 (36.3) | |
*Intracranial haemorrhage—no abnormality, non-aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage, stenosis, family history
aArteriovenous malformation
bArteriovenous fistula
cMultidisciplinary team