Table 5:
Predictors of Increased Sleepiness (Epworth)
| ESS (linear) | Coefficient (Bivariate) | 95% CI | Beta weight | Coefficient (Multivariate) | 95% CI | Beta weight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BIVARIATE MODEL | MULTIVARIATE MODEL | |||||
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age | −0.03 | −0.12–0.06 | −0.05 | −0.03 | −0.13–0.07 | −0.05 |
| Male gender | −1.1 | −3.0–0.8 | −0.09 | −0.71 | −2.6–1.2 | −0.06 |
| White race | −0.04 | −1.9–1.9 | −0.003 | −0.23 | −2.3–1.9 | −0.02 |
| College or higher | −0.49 | −2.5–1.5 | −0.04 | −0.53 | −2.4–1.4 | −0.04 |
| Any current employment | −2.70 | −6.0–0.64 | −0.12 | −2.5 | −5.6–0.73 | −0.11 |
| History of homelessness | 1.2 | −0.78–3.2 | 0.09 | 0.45 | −1.7–2.6 | 0.03 |
| Methadone dose | 0.005 | −0.03–0.04 | 0.02 | |||
| BMI | 0.35 | 0.21–0.49 | 0.37 | 0.32 | 0.18–0.46 | 0.33 |
| Pain | ||||||
| History of chronic pain | 1.7 | −0.28–3.8 | 0.13 | |||
| Current Chronic Pain | 2.4 | 0.55–4.2 | 0.20 | 1.6 | −0.26–3.5 | 0.13 |
| Sleep interference | 0.21 | −0.11–0.53 | 0.11 | |||
| Use of additional pain medications | 3.3 | 0.22–6.5 | 0.16 | 2.4 | −0.64–5.5 | 0.12 |
| Psychiatric | ||||||
| BSI somatization | 1.77 | −0.09–3.6 | 0.15 | 0.82 | −1.2–2.8 | 0.07 |
| BSI Anxiety | 0.96 | −0.98–2.9 | 0.08 | |||
| BSI Depression | 1.33 | −0.60–3.3 | 0.11 | |||
| Global severity index | 1.5 | −0.34–3.4 | 0.13 | |||
| TMT-A | 0.01 | −0.05–0.08 | 0.04 | |||
| TMT-B | 0.004 | −0.02–0.03 | 0.03 | |||
| Perceived stress | 0.06 | −0.10–0.22 | 0.06 | |||
| Social isolation | 0.08 | −0.02–0.17 | 0.12 | |||
| Sexual desire scale | 0.02 | −0.02–0.07 | 0.08 | |||
| Sleep Quality | ||||||
| PSQI | 0.25 | 0.03–0.47 | 0.18 | 0.12 | −0.11–0.35 | 0.08 |
*
PSQI = Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
*
ESS = Epworth Sleepiness Scale
*
Italics only indicate p < 0.1 in bivariate model, but not significant when included in multivariable model.
*
Bold italics indicate p < 0.1 in bivariate model and p < 0.05 in multivariable model