Table 1.

Categorical comparisons of STAI-T scores across diagnostic groups.

Comparison	g	k	95% CI	p	Q	df	p	I2	RFSN	OFSN
All anxiety disorders vs. nonclinical comparison groups	1.90	359	[1.81, 1.98]	<.001	2508.03	358	<.001	85.73	999754	5477
Anxiety disorders (excluding specific phobia) vs. nonclinical comparison groups	2.01	333	[1.92, 2.09]	<.001	2078.63	332	<.001	84.03	957748	5381
GAD	2.58	41	[2.33, 2.83]	<.001	186.01	40	<.001	78.50	18882	934
OCD	1.82	79	[1.67, 1.97]	<.001	373.95	78	<.001	79.14	51713	1267
PD	1.77	54	[1.58, 1.97]	<.001	391.19	53	<.001	86.45	24517	666
PTSD	1.91	48	[1.72, 2.11]	<.001	165.22	47	<.001	71.55	14648	764
SAD	2.28	77	[2.12, 2.44]	<.001	300.76	76	<.001	74.73	60076	1612
SP	0.50	26	[0.35, 0.64]	<.001	36.38	25	.067	31.28	426	103
All depressive disorders vs. nonclinical comparison groups	2.60	86	[2.37, 2.83]	<.001	1293.93	85	<.001	93.43	113446	1690
MDD	2.74	76	[2.49, 2.98]	<.001	1078.32	75	<.001	93.05	94012	1602
Anxiety disorders vs. depressive disorders	−0.27	24	[−0.45, −0.08]	.005	79.70	23	<.001	71.14	124	27
Anxiety + depression vs. anxiety disorders	0.75	11	[0.37, 1.12]	<.001	46.11	10	<.001	78.32	215	71
Anxiety + depression vs. depressive disorders	0.47	10	[0.29, 0.64]	<.001	5.57	9	.782	0.00	46	37

Note. g = Hedges’s g; k = number of studies; CI = confidence interval; RFSN = Rosenthal’s fail-safe N; OFSN = Orwin’s fail-safe N; GAD = generalized anxiety disorder; OCD = obsessive-compulsive disorder; PD = panic disorder; PTSD = posttraumatic stress disorder; SAD = social anxiety disorder (generalized); SP = specific phobia; MDD = major depressive disorder

Anxiety-related disorders include GAD, OCD, PD, PTSD, SAD, SP, acute stress disorder, hoarding disorder, illness anxiety disorder, and social anxiety disorder (performance only).

Depressive disorders include MDD, minor depression, dysthymia, and depression not otherwise specified.

Anxiety + depression includes studies where a group was designated as having a comorbid anxiety disorder and depressive disorder.