Table 1.
A systematic summary of the relevant literature.
| Source | Country | Quantitative findings | Qualitative findings |
|---|---|---|---|
| Orro et al. (2020) | Spain | The minimum percentage of mobility during lockdown was: driving (10.93 %); transit (7.04%); walking (5.82%) | – |
| Klein et al. (2020) | USA | Mobility reduction: 40–60 % | |
| Denis et al. (2020) | India | Mobility reduction: 30–90 % | Cities lose population while rural areas gain |
| Bonaccorsi et al. (2020) | Italy | – | Enhanced economic disparities; mobility contraction is stronger in municipalities where inequality is higher and income per capita is lower. |
| Galeazzi et al. (2020) | Italy, France, UK | Node reduction: 16 %, 80 %, 21 % respectively; Network efficiency reduction: 65 %, 80 %, 50 % respectively | UK has higher network resilience than Italy while France has the lowest. |
| de Haas et al. (2020) | The Netherlands | 80 % reduction in outdoor activities, 44 % working remotely. The number of trips and distance travelled dropped by 55 % and 68 % respectively | Increased cycle trips, more remote meetings, lesser distances travelled. |
| Korean Transport Institute | South Korea | 30–69 % reduction in mobility | – |
| Saha, Barman, and Chouhan (2020) | India | Retail and recreation, grocery and pharmacy, visits to parks, transit stations, and workplaces mobility dropped by 73.4 %, 51.2 %, 46.3 %, 66 % and 56.7 % respectively. | Visits to residential places mobility increased as people mostly stayed home. |
| DGT, 2020 | Spain | Interurban traffic decreased by 72 % (weekdays: −65%; weekends: −86%). | Drastic reduction of road accidents |
| Wielechowski, Czech, and Grzęda (2020) | Poland | 77 % drop in public transport passengers. | |
| Dueñas et al. (2020) | Colombia | Mobility reached a minimum of 16 % two weeks after the lockdown | Higher socioeconomic strata are consistently associated with higher reductions in mobility. Instead, higher shares of informal workers and a measure of multidimensional poverty are linked to lower decreases in mobility. |
| Pullano et al. (2020) | France | Overall number of trips: -65 %; Foreigners: - ∼85 %. | They suggested that the enforcement of lockdown disrupted tourism and impacted more the mobility of foreign nationals in the country |
| Born, Dietrich, and Müller (2020) | Sweden | Maximum Reduction in transit and work of 45 % and 50 % but maximum increase in residential and parks by 15 % and 100 % | – |
| Patel et al. (2020) | New Zealand | 8-17 % decrease in PM2.5; 7–20 % decrease in PM10 | – |
| Seo et al. (2020) | South Korea | 10 % reduction in PM2.5 and 25 % reduction in PM10 | – |