Table 2:
Comorbidities and Medications at Time of DXA for All Patients by Study Group
| Characteristic | Physician-Managed (n = 549 DXA scansa) |
Pharmacist-Managed (n = 466 DXA scansa) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Comorbiditiesb, n (%) | |||
| Osteoporosis | 104 (18.9) | 182 (39.1) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 67 (12.2) | 38 (8.2) | 0.035 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 36 (6.6) | 64 (13.7) | < 0.001 |
| COPD | 22 (4.0) | 22 (4.7) | 0.578 |
| Hyperthyroidism | 2 (0.4) | 7 (1.5) | 0.089 |
| Paget’s disease | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.2) | 0.459 |
| Vitamin D deficiency | 23 (4.2) | 21 (4.5) | 0.805 |
| Breast cancer or history of solid organ transplant | 21 (3.8) | 40 (8.6) | 0.001 |
| Rheumatoid or osteoarthritis | 167 (30.4) | 176 (37.8) | 0.014 |
| Medicationsc, n (%) | |||
| Proton pump inhibitor | 122 (22.2) | 103 (22.1) | 0.964 |
| Inhaled corticosteroid | 28 (5.1) | 26 (5.6) | 0.735 |
| Systemic corticosteroid | 7 (1.3) | 5 (1.1) | 0.767 |
| SSRI | 96 (17.5) | 50 (10.7) | 0.002 |
| Warfarin | 25 (4.6) | 12 (2.6) | 0.094 |
| Thiazolidinedione | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| Thyroid supplementation | 129 (23.5) | 125 (26.8) | 0.223 |
| Hormone replacement therapy | 33 (6.0) | 21 (4.5) | 0.287 |
| Aromatase inhibitor | 13 (2.4) | 8 (1.7) | 0.468 |
| Chemotherapy | 3 (0.5) | 7 (1.5) | 0.201 |
| Vitamin D replacementd | 13 (2.4) | 14 (3.0) | 0.530 |
| Calcium and vitamin D | 237 (43.2) | 318 (68.2) | < 0.001 |
| Raloxifene | 7 (1.3) | 12 (2.6) | 0.128 |
| Bisphosphonate | 78 (14.2) | 90 (19.3) | 0.029 |
| Denosumab | 2 (0.4) | 8 (1.7) | 0.051 |
| Teriparatide | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | 1.000 |
Unique patients: n = 347 physician-managed group, n = 277 unique patients pharmacist-physician collaboration, n = 62 patients with DXAs in both groups
Comorbidities were collected from the most recent documented problem list within chart notes prior to DXA scan. Less than 1% incidence (and p-value greater than 0.05) for the following comorbidities: alcoholism, Grave’s disease, hyperparathyroidism, Celiac disease, Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, malabsorption. Although data was collected for additional disease states, no patients with Hashimoto’s disease, calcium deficiency, hypophosphatemia, or AIDS/HIV were identified.
Medications were collected from the most recent medication list within chart notes prior to DXA scan. Although data was collected for additional medications, no patients on lithium, heparin derivatives, or calcitonin were identified.
Defined as vitamin D2 or D3 at a dose of 50,000 units/week or greater