Table 1.

Role of microRNA regulating some endocytic genes in neurodegeneration and cancer/invasion.

microRNA	Role in endocytosis	Role in neurodegeneration	Role in cancer and invasion
miR-17	Regulation of TBC1D2/Armus and LDLR participating in LDL trafficking (119); promotion of EGFR internalization in human colon cancer cells SW1116 (120)	MiR-17 is overexpressed in peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PMBC) from PD patients (127), downregulation of miR-17 led to paraquat-induced dopaminergic degradation (128); miR-17 responses to formaldehyde treatment and modulates EPHA4, GNPDA2 and TXNIP expression in the brains of MGMT–/– mice involved in amyloid deposition, neurotransmission, and response to oxidative stress (129)	miR-17 inhibits HGF/ERBB3-NF-kB positive loop suppressing post-operative metastasis of HCC (130); miR-17 downregulated netrin 4 promoting migration and invasion of breast cancer cells (131); miR-17 targets SIK1 leading to the proliferation and migration of human colorectal cancer cells (132); overexpression of miR-17 in human fibroblasts co-cultured with colon cancer cells remarkably reduced invasion of cancer cells (133); miR-17 targets ETV1 in triple negative breast cancer suppressing proliferation, migration, and tumor metastasis (134)
miR-145	Inhibition of EGFR internalization in human colon cancer cells SW1116 (120)	miR-145-5p downregulated NR4A2 leading to neuronal cell death (135), downregulation of miR-145 induces astrogliosis after spinal cord injury (136), miR-145 is differentially expressed in multiple sclerosis (137)	miR-145 targets CDCA3 leading to the suppression of proliferation, EMT, and metastasis of colorectal cancer (138); in upper tract urothelial carcinoma, miR-145 targets ARF6 repressing cell migration, and invasion (139); miR-145 targets WNT2B leading to suppression of cervical cancer progression and metastasis (140); miR-145 targets NF-kB pathway inhibiting invasion and migration of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells (141); miR-145 targets TWIST leading to the inhibition of migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells (142)
miR-199	Downregulation of clathrin heavy chain (CLTC), Rab5A, low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), and caveolin-1 (Cav-1) expression leading to the inhibition receptor-mediated endocytosis in human cell lines Huh7 and HeLa (121)	Prenatal circulating miR-199 is upregulated in plasma samples in pregnant women with fetal Down syndrome (143); in CSF of AD patients, miR-199b-5p is expressed more often comparing to other microRNAs (144)	Decrease of HIF1α and HIF2α expression levels leading to the reduction of cell migration and invasion (122); miR-199 targets Snail resulting in inhibition of EMT and invasion of hepatoma cells (145); miR-199 downregulated RGS17 resulting in suppression of proliferation, migration, and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells (146)
miR-3120	Downregulation of Hsc70 and auxilin, inhibiting CCV uncoating (123)	No data (March 2020)	No data (March 2020)
miR-27	Downregulation of ITSN2 resulting in the delay of ENaC removal from CCD in kidneys (124)	No data (March 2020)	Overexpressed miR-27 promoted multiple myeloma cell proliferation, cell migration, and invasion (147); miR-27b targets Sp1 leading to the inhibition of growth and invasion of NSCLC cells (148); miR-27 is overexpressed in invasive adenocarcinomas with the linear increase of microRNA level according to the stage (149); miR-27a targets tumor suppressor MCPH1 in renal cancer (150); upregulation of miR-27a promoted migration, invasion, and angiogenesis of thyroid cancer cells (151)
miR-194	Regulation of ROMK channels activity by downregulation of ITSN1 thus possibly enhancing ITSN1/WNK-dependent endocytosis (125)	In ALS, miR-194 is downregulated (152); in the prefrontal cortex of late-onset AD patients, miR-194 is upregulated (153); in the blood of AD patients, miR-194-5p is significantly downregulated (144)	miR-194 suppresses high glucose-induced progression of non-small cell lung cancer by targeting NFAT5 (154); overexpression of miR-194 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting MAP3K3 (155); in breast cancer, miR-194-5p promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting SOX17 (156); in prostate cancer, miR-194 is a driver of cancer metastasis promoting migration, invasion, and EMT (157)
miR-133	Decrease of CTLA levels after PFOA exposure leading to the disturbance of receptor-mediated endocytosis (126)	miR-133 is overexpressed in serum of ALS patients (158)	In lung adenocarcinoma metastasis cells, miR-133 acts as a tumor suppressor targeting FLOT2 via Akt signaling pathway (159); in gastric cancer, miR-133 downregulates CDC42 expression, and PAK activation inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and migration (160); in U87 glioma cell lines, miR-133 targets FOXC1 suppressing tumor growth, and invasion (161)