Table 1.

Examples of engineered cellular/subcellular localization of phytochemical production in Nicotiana sp.

Host plant	Localization	Engineering strategy	Compound class	Compound accumulation	References
N. benthamiana	Synthetic hydrophobic organelles	Transient expression; fusing terpenoid enzymes to a microalgal lipid droplet surface protein	Diterpenoids	2.5 fold increase of target diterpenoids/diterpenoids acids	Sadre et al., 2019
N. benthamiana	Lipid bodies	Transient expression; Co-expression of α-bisabolol synthase with fatty acids biosynthesis regulators	Sesquiterpenoids	2–4 fold increase of; α-bisabolol, (E)-β -caryophyllene and α-barbatene.	Delatte et al., 2018
N. tabacum	Plastids	Stable transformation; plastome and nuclear transformation with artemisinic acid biosynthetic genes and other enzymes known to affect the metabolic flux	Sesquiterpenoids (artemisinic acid)	Accumulation of more than 120 mg/kg FW of Artemisinic acid.	Fuentes et al., 2016
N. tabacum	Glandular trichomes	Stable transformation; Casbene synthase/Trichome-specific promoters	Diterpenoids (casbene)	Accumulation of 1 mg/g FW of casbene	Tissier et al., 2012
N. sylvestris	Glandular trichomes	Stable transformation; taxadiene synthase/Trichome-specific promoters	Diterpenoids (Taxadiene)	Accumulation of 100 μg/g FW of taxadiene	Tissier et al., 2012