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. 2021 Jan 1;11(1):48–63. doi: 10.7150/thno.50794

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(A) Shape morphing mechanism of the gelatin film. (B) Swelling ability, (C) compressive modulus, and (D) Young's modulus of gelatin depending on the crosslinking time. (E) Thickness of the gelatin films after swelling. (F) Optical images of the gelatin film in initial and folded state. (G) Folding ability of the gelatin film depending on film thickness (α indicates the rotation angle of the spiral) and (H) strut-to-strut distance. (I) Various shape changes resulting from the cuts in the film.