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. 2020 Nov 20;12(11):e11599. doi: 10.7759/cureus.11599

Table 4. Associated health conditions (risk factors) versus the severity of urinary incontinence.

N.B: ( ) is for horizontal percentage, whereas square bracket is for vertical percentage.

ICIQ=International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire; BMI=body mass index; BPH=benign prostatic hypertrophy

Associated risk factors Severity according to ICIQ score N (%) p-value
  Mild Moderate Severe Total        
Fecal incontinence  Yes 1 (5.0) [7.1] 12 (60.0) [15.4] 7 (35.0) [21.9] 20 (100) [16.1] 0.439
                                 No 13 (12.5) [92.9] 66 (63.5) [84.6] 25 (24.0) [78.1] 104(100.0) [83.9]
Nocturnal diuresis   Yes 3 (4.1) [21.4] 48 (64.9) [61.5] 23 (31.1) [71.9] 74 (100.0) [59.7] 0.005
                                  No  11 (22.0) [78.6] 30 (60.0) [38.5] 9 (18.0) [28.1] 50 (100.0) [40.3]
Urinary tract infection          0.007
Never 11 (23.4) [78.6] 24 (51.1) [30.8] 12 (25.5) [37.5] 47 (100.0) [37.9]
Rarely 3(10.0) [21.4] 18 (60.0) [23.1] 9 (30.0) [28.1] 30 (100.0) [24.2]
Often or Always  0 (0.0) [0.0] 36 (76.6) [46.2] 11 (23.4) [34.4] 47 (100.0) [37.9]
Hypertension         Yes 9 (12.9) [64.3] 42 (60.0) [53.8] 19 (27.1) [59.4] 70 (100.0) [56.5] 0.713
                                No  5 (9.3) [35.7] 36 (66.7) [46.2] 13 (24.1) [40.6] 54 (100.0) [43.5]
Diabetes mellitus   Yes 9 (9.2) [64.3] 62 (63.3) [79.5] 27 (27.6) [84.4] 98 (100.0) [79.0] 0.301
                                No 5 (19.2) [35.7] 16 (61.5) [20.5] 5 (19.2) [15.6] 26 (100.0) [21.0]
Lung diseases        Yes  1 (12.5) [7.1] 2 (25.0) [2.6] 5 (62.5) [15.6] 8 (100.0) [6.5] 0.04
                                 No 13 (11.2) [92.9] 76 (65.5) [97.4] 27 (23.3) [84.4] 116 (100.0) [93.5]
Heart diseases       Yes 0 (0.0) [0.0] 17 (65.4) [21.8] 9 (34.6) [28.1] 26 (100.0) [21.0] 0.094
                                 No 14(14.3) [100.0] 61 (62.2) [78.2] 23 (23.5) [71.9] 98 (100.0) [79.0]
Arthritis                    Yes  3 (7.5) [21.4] 25 (62.5) [32.1] 12 (30.0) [37.5] 40 (100.0) [32.3] 0.561
                                 No 11 (13.1) [78.6] 53 (63.1) [67.9] 20 (23.8) [62.5] 84 (100.0) [67.7]
Stroke                      Yes 1 (4.3) [7.1] 14 (60.9) [17.9] 8 (34.8) [25.0] 23 (100.0) [18.5] 0.349
                                 No 13 (12.9) [92.9] 64 (63.4)[82.1] 24 (23.8) [75.0] 101 (100.0) [81.5]
BPH                         Yes 0 (0.0) [0.0] 12 (70.6) [40.0] 5 (29.4) [45.5] 17 (100.0) [37.0] 0.183
                                 No 5 (17.2) [100.0] 18 (62.1) [60.0] 6 (20.7) [54.5] 29 (100.0) [63.0]
None                       Yes 0 (0.0) [0.0] 3 (50.0) [3.8] 3 (50.0) [9.4] 6 (100.0) [4.8] 0.315
                                 No 14(11.9) [100.0] 75 (63.6) [96.2] 29 (24.6) [90.6] 118 (100.0) [95.2]