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. 2020 Nov 23;20:423. doi: 10.1186/s12883-020-01955-2

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 3 — The ideograph of emboli sources investigated by TCD micro-emboli monitoring. a If MES are only detected on one side of MCA (like the left side as presented), and at the depth of a (MCA level), but not at the depth of b (ACA level), it then indicates that the embolus are originated from the MCA segment between a and b (black arrow indicates the embolus resource). b If MES are detected both at MCA and ACA on ipsilateral side, then the embolus are most likely derived from ICA of the same side (black arrows). c If MES are detected on both sides, then the embolus can be originated from the heart (black arrow), or ascending aorta (black arrow head). d If MES are detected at PCA but not MCA, it indicates that the embolus are originated from the posterior circulation, like BA (black arrow head), or VA (black arrows)