Table 1.
Comparison of Current Phase 3 COVID-19 Vaccine Trials in the United States
| Developer | Pfizer/BioNTech | Moderna | AstraZeneca/Oxford | Janssen |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidate | BNT162b2 | mRNA-1273 | AZD1222 | JNJ-78436725 |
| Subject age | 12 yrs or above | 18 yrs or above | 18 yrs or above | 18 yrs or above |
| Enrollment | 43,998 (estimated) | 30,000 (estimated) | 40,051 (estimated) | 60,000 (estimated) |
| Recruitment status | Recruiting | Finished recruiting | Recruiting | Recruiting |
| Platform | RNA | RNA | Non-replicating adenovirus engineered to express spike protein | Non-replicating adenovirus engineered to express spike protein |
| Dosing | Two IM doses of 30 μg, 3 weeks apart | Two IM doses of 100 μg, 4 weeks apart | Two IM doses of 5 x 1010 viral particles, 4 weeks apart [Some participants in UK received a half dose (2.5 x 10^10 viral particles) first dose] | Single IM dose of 5 x 1010 viral particles |
| Trial number | NCT04368728 | NCT04470427 | NCT04516746 | NCT04505722 |
| Notes | Concluded trial; reported 95% efficacy on 11/18/20 | Interim analysis reported 94.5% efficacy on 11/16/20 | Interim analysis reported 62 (full dose)-90% (half dose first dose) efficacy on 11/23/20 | Briefly paused due to unexplained illness in a participant. Currently resumed after FDA safety review. |
FDA = U.S. Food and Drug Administration; IM = intramuscular; RNA = ribonucleic acid.