Table 1.
Baseline patient demographics and characteristics at the index date among patients with agitation and dementia initiated on an antipsychotic in residential care and community-based settings
| Characteristic | All Patients | Residential Care Setting | Community-Based Setting | P |
| (N = 801) | (n = 312) | (n = 489) | ||
| Age (y), mean±SD | 73.6±8.1 | 75.0±7.4 | 72.6±8.4 | <0.01** |
| Female, n (%) | 395 (49.3) | 158 (50.6) | 237 (48.5) | 0.60 |
| Predominant race, n (%) | 0.09 | |||
| White or Caucasian | 589 (73.5) | 229 (73.4) | 360 (73.6) | |
| Asian | 61 (7.6) | 16 (5.1) | 45 (9.2) | |
| Black or African American | 137 (17.1) | 58 (18.6) | 79 (16.2) | |
| Other/unknown | 14 (1.7) | 9 (2.9) | 5 (1.0) | |
| Type(s) of insurance, n (%)* | ||||
| Commercial/private insurance | 211 (26.3) | 72 (23.1) | 139 (28.4) | 0.11 |
| Medicare | 534 (66.7) | 209 (67.0) | 325 (66.5) | 0.94 |
| Medicaid | 80 (10.0) | 39 (12.5) | 41 (8.4) | 0.08 |
| Dual eligibility (Medicare or Medicaid) | 107 (13.4) | 61 (19.6) | 46 (9.4) | <0.01** |
| Other/unknown | 30 (3.7) | 12 (3.8) | 18 (3.7) | 0.66 |
| Most frequent medical comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 519 (64.8) | 217 (69.6) | 302 (61.8) | <0.05** |
| Hyperlipidemia | 296 (37.0) | 122 (39.1) | 174 (35.6) | 0.35 |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease or peptic ulcer disease | 175 (21.8) | 73 (23.4) | 102 (20.9) | 0.45 |
| Osteoarthritis | 153 (19.1) | 79 (25.3) | 74 (15.1) | <0.01** |
| Diabetes | 144 (18.0) | 69 (22.1) | 75 (15.3) | <0.05** |
| Most frequent psychiatric comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
| Anxiety | 243 (30.3) | 115 (36.9) | 128 (26.2) | <0.01** |
| Depression | 198 (24.7) | 74 (23.7) | 124 (25.4) | 0.66 |
| Insomnia | 142 (17.7) | 54 (17.3) | 88 (18.0) | 0.88 |
| Altered mental status | 73 (9.1) | 38 (12.2) | 35 (7.2) | <0.05** |
| Delirium | 44 (5.5) | 26 (8.3) | 18 (3.7) | <0.01** |
| Medication other than antipsychotics, n (%)* | ||||
| Antidementia | 457 (57.1) | 189 (60.6) | 268 (54.8) | 0.12 |
| Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor | 390 (48.7) | 159 (51.0) | 231 (47.2) | 0.34 |
| Memantine | 241 (30.1) | 115 (36.9) | 126 (25.8) | <0.01** |
| Antihypertensive | 364 (45.4) | 151 (48.4) | 213 (43.6) | 0.20 |
| Lipid-lowering | 257 (32.1) | 119 (38.1) | 138 (28.2) | <0.01** |
| Antidepressant | 191 (23.8) | 92 (29.5) | 99 (20.2) | <0.01** |
| Aspirin or NSAID | 148 (18.5) | 71 (22.8) | 77 (15.7) | <0.05** |
| Antidiabetic | 129 (16.1) | 61 (19.6) | 68 (13.9) | <0.05** |
| Anticoagulant | 36 (4.5) | 16 (5.1) | 20 (4.1) | 0.61 |
| Hypnotic | 17 (2.1) | 11 (3.5) | 6 (1.2) | 0.05 |
| Antiepileptic | 16 (2.0) | 9 (2.9) | 7 (1.4) | 0.24 |
| None | 52 (6.5) | 18 (5.8) | 34 (7.0) | 0.61 |
| Duration of follow-up (mo), mean±SD | 9.5±5.2 | 9.4±5.2 | 9.6±5.3 | 0.52 |
NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; SD, standard deviation. *Categories are non-mutually exclusive. **Indicates statistical significance at the 5% level.