Table 1. Preoperative and Postoperative Clinical Outcomes.

Variable	Preoperative	2-Year follow-up	p-value
VAS	5.2 ± 2.2	1.8 ± 1.5	< 0.001*
Constant score	35.4 ± 8.1	57.8 ± 8.8	< 0.001*
UCLA score	13.4 ± 3.9	28.8 ± 3.8	< 0.001*
ROM (°)
Active FF	51.5 ± 23.4	121.8 ± 27.8	< 0.001*
ER at the side	37.9 ± 10.5	35.5 ± 10.5	0.116
IRp	L2.8 ± 2.9	L3.4 ± 1.3	0.062
Abduction	96.9 ± 18.1	108.6 ± 16.6	< 0.001*
Muscle strength (lb)
Active FF	2.1 ± 1.2	5.5 ± 2.8	< 0.001*
ER at the side	3.1 ± 1.6	5.7 ± 2.7	< 0.001*
IR	4.0 ± 2.0	6.1 ± 2.7	< 0.001*
Abduction	2.2 ± 1.4	5.0 ± 3.1	< 0.001*

Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation.

VAS: visual analog scale, UCLA: University of California at Los Angeles, ROM: range of motion, FF: forward flexion, ER: external rotation, IRp: internal rotation to the back, IR: internal rotation.

^*Statistically significant.