Table 3. Prevalence of dietary supplement users by major category and sub-category by user category (%) (1,152 males and 1,107 females).
Category | Sub-category | User category† | ||||||||
Any | Seldom | Weekly | Daily | |||||||
Males | Females | Males | Females | Males | Females | Males | Females | |||
1. Vitamin | 23.1 | 30.2* | 6.2 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 7.2 | 10.0 | 16.2* | ||
Multivitamin | 14.6 | 15.5 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 5.4 | 4.4 | 4.8 | 6.6 | ||
Vitamin C | 4.7 | 8.0* | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 4.6* | ||
Vitamin E | 4.0 | 6.8* | 0.7 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 2.8 | 4.5* | ||
Vitamin B2 | 2.0 | 2.8 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 1.2 | ||
Vitamin B12 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0 | 0.4* | 1.7 | 1.4 | ||
Vitamin D | 0.3 | 2.8* | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.5* | 0.3 | 2.2* | ||
Vitamin A | 0.4 | 1.1* | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.9* | ||
Vitamin B1 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.5 | ||
Pantothenic acid | 0.2 | 0.8* | 0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.6* | ||
Vitamin B6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 0.3 | ||
Vitamin K | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.5 | ||
Folate | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | ||
2. Mineral | 2.7 | 7.6* | 0.8 | 1.4 | 0.4 | 2.1* | 1.5 | 4.2* | ||
Calcium | 1.7 | 5.2* | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1.3* | 1.0 | 3.3* | ||
Iron | 0.2 | 2.4* | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0 | 1.0* | 0 | 0.7* | ||
Magnesium | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.3 | ||
Other minerals | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.3 | 0.4 | ||
3. Fatty acid | 1.0 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.8 | ||
4. Amino acid | 1.1 | 1.5 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0* | 0.6 | 1.2 | ||
5. Dietary fiber | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.5 | ||
6. Drink type | 27.0 | 24.8* | 17.5 | 14.0* | 7.4 | 8.0 | 2.2 | 2.9 | ||
7. Medicine | 12.0 | 9.7 | 10.0 | 8.2 | 1.6 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 0.5 | ||
8. Others | 18.3 | 26.9* | 3.0 | 4.6* | 4.1 | 6.0* | 11.3 | 16.4* |
† : Dietary supplement users were categorized into three user groups:
Seldom; seldom users those who reported any dietary supplement use once a year or more but less than once a week for the past 12 months.
Weekly; weekly uses those who reported any dietary supplement use once a week or more but less than once a day for the past 12 months.
Daily; daily users those who reported any dietary supplement use once a day or more for the past 12 months.
Any; combined three groups.
* : p<0.05 by Chi square test
No subject used niacin or biotin sub-category dietary supplement.