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. 2020 Nov 19;15:9159–9180. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S249252

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© 2020 Xu and Liang.

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PMC Copyright notice

Characteristics of immunogenic cell death (ICD). Reproduced with permission from Duan X, Chan C, LinW. Nanoparticle-mediated immunogenic celldeath enables and potentiates cancer immunotherapy. Angew ChemInt Ed Engl. 2019;58(3):670–680.¹⁶³ Copyright 2019, John Wiley and Sons.