Table 2. Comparison of Trial Characteristics, by Reporting of NNT, NNH, and ARR.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Trials reporting at least 1 NNT, NNH, and/or ARR (n = 292) | Trials not reporting any NNT, NNH, and/or ARR (n = 583) | ||
| Therapeutic area | <.001 | ||
| Cardiology | 54 (18.5) | 104 (17.8) | |
| Diabetes | 10 (3.4) | 26 (4.5) | |
| Infectious disease | 43 (14.7) | 85 (14.6) | |
| Mood and behavior disorders | 20 (6.9) | 29 (5.0) | |
| Oncology | 21 (7.2) | 106 (18.2) | |
| Other | 144 (49.3) | 233 (40.0) | |
| Type of intervention | .44 | ||
| Drugs, biologics, or vaccines | 155 (53.1) | 317 (54.4) | |
| Surgeries and procedures | 42 (14.4) | 84 (14.4) | |
| Supplements and nutritional interventions | 12 (4.1) | 37 (6.3) | |
| Other | 83 (28.4) | 145 (24.9) | |
| Patient follow-up, median (IQR), mo | 12 (3-21) | 12 (4-24) | .04 |
| Enrollment, median (IQR) | 612 (252-1811) | 660 (278-2002) | .64 |
| Funding | .65 | ||
| Any industry | 141 (48.3) | 282 (48.4) | |
| Government/nonprofit only | 147 (50.3) | 287 (49.2) | |
| Disclosed no funding received or no funding statement | 4 (1.4) | 14 (2.4) | |
Abbreviations: ARR, absolute risk reduction; IQR, interquartile range; NNH, number needed to harm; NNT, number needed to treat. Trials reported were those with at least 1 statistically significant (P < .05) finding for a binary effect or safety outcome or hazard ratio reported in the abstract.