TABLE 2.
Characteristics of Febrile Infants ≤60 Days Old With Positive Urinalysis Results and IBIs but Without UTIs
| Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics | Bacteremia and/or Bacterial Meningitis (n = 35), n (%) | Bacteremia Without Meningitis (n = 26), n (%) | Bacterial Meningitis (n = 9), n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | |||
| ≤28 d | 17 (48.6) | 14 (53.9) | 3 (33.3) |
| 29–60 d | 18 (51.4) | 12 (46.2) | 6 (66.7) |
| History and physical exam | |||
| High-risk PMHa | 11 (31.4) | 9 (34.6) | 2 (22.2) |
| Ill appearance | 11 (31.4) | 6 (23.1) | 5 (55.6) |
| Urine dipstick | |||
| Leukocyte esterase positiveb | 17 (48.6) | 15 (57.7) | 2 (22.2) |
| Nitrite positive | 5 (14.3) | 3 (11.5) | 2 (22.2) |
| Urine WBC | |||
| Not performed | 1 (2.9) | 1 (3.8) | 0 (0) |
| 0–5 | 7 (20.0) | 6 (23.1) | 1 (11.1) |
| 6–10 | 11 (31.4) | 6 (23.1) | 5 (55.6) |
| 11–20 | 7 (20.0) | 5 (19.2) | 2 (22.2) |
| >20 | 9 (25.7) | 8 (30.8) | 1 (11.1) |
| Peripheral WBC <5000 or >15 000 cells/μL | 16 (45.7) | 10 (38.5) | 6 (66.7) |
| Urine culture | |||
| Not performed | 1 (2.9) | 1 (3.8) | 0 (0) |
| No growth | 25 (71.4) | 17 (65.4) | 8 (88.9) |
| Mixed flora | 2 (5.7) | 2 (7.7) | 0 (0) |
| <10 000 CFUs/mL | 5 (14.3) | 4 (15.4) | 1 (11.1) |
| 10 000–49 000 CFUs/mLc | 1 (2.9) | 1 (3.8) | 0 (0) |
| 50 000–100 000 CFUs/mLd | 1 (2.9) | 1 (3.8) | 0 (0) |
| Blood and/or CSF pathogens | |||
| GBS | 11 (31.4) | 8 (30.6) | 3 (33.3) |
| E coli | 10 (28.6) | 8 (30.6) | 2 (22.2) |
| S aureus | 4 (11.4) | 4 (15.4) | 0 (0) |
| Enterococcus sppe | 4 (11.4) | 4 (15.4) | 0 (0) |
| K oxytocae | 2 (5.7) | 2 (7.7) | 0 (0) |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2 (5.7) | 1 (3.8) | 1 (11.1) |
| Listeria monocytogenes | 1 (2.9) | 0 (0) | 1 (11.1) |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 1 (2.9) | 0 (0) | 1 (11.1) |
| Neisseria meningitidis | 1 (2.9) | 0 (0) | 1 (11.1) |
a
Presence of gestational age <37 wk, chronic medical condition, or antimicrobial receipt in preceding 72 h.
b
Trace leukocyte esterase defined as negative.
c
Unknown method of urine collection.
d
Bag specimen.
e
One infant had blood culture positive for both Enterococcus spp and K oxytoca.