Fig. 6:

Determination of apoptosis by fluorescence microscopy using the Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining kit. PANC-1 cells were initially incubated with gemcitabine or drug-loaded NPs (333 μM of drug) prior to treatment with Annexin V-FITC (green)/propidium iodide (PI) (red). Early apoptotic cells were considered to be Annexin FITC+ and PI− and late apoptotic cells were Annexin FITC+ and PI+. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)