Table 2.
Descriptive statistics of the aggregated point-by-point changes in self-esteem by group: The mean and standard deviation of the starting state, the number of participants, their total number of decreases (increases, respectively) per bin and the median, minimum, and maximum number of changes as well as information regarding the magnitude of the decreases (increases, respectively) that these participants reported, including the mean and standard deviation, median, minimum, and maximum
| Decreases in self-esteem | |||||||
| Bin | Starting state: Mean (Sd) | Number of participants | Total number of decreases | Number of decreases: Median (min – max) | Decreases: Mean (Sd) | Decreases: Median (min – max) | |
| BPD-ACU | Low | 1.13 (0.53) | 26 | 100 | 3 (1–15) | −0.68 (0.29) | −0.63 (− 0.25 – −1.50) |
| Mid-low | 2.97 (0.52) | 39 | 166 | 3 (1–15) | −1.35 (0.59) | −1.25 (− 0.50 – −3.00) | |
| Mid | 4.72 (0.47) | 53 | 266 | 4 (1–15) | − 1.96 (1.00) | − 1.92 (− 0.48 – −5.25) | |
| Mid-high | 6.51 (0.49) | 47 | 217 | 4 (1–11) | −2.28 (1.21) | − 2.05 (− 0.61 – −5.87) | |
| High | 8.26 (0.54) | 37 | 200 | 5 (1–15) | − 2.99 (1.73) | − 2.63 (− 0.62 – −7.08) | |
| BPD-REM | Low | 1.60 (0.42) | 7 | 13 | 2 (1–13) | − 0.60 (0.24) | −0.75 (− 0.25 – − 0.87) |
| Mid-low | 3.23 (0.43) | 17 | 52 | 1 (1–12) | − 0.70 (0.47) | −0.56 (− 0.25 – − 2.25) | |
| Mid | 4.72 (0.45) | 23 | 102 | 4 (1–13) | − 1.39 (0.77) | − 1.25 (− 0.31 – − 2.75) | |
| Mid-high | 6.58 (0.48) | 25 | 147 | 5 (1–15) | − 1.71 (0.90) | −1.43 (− 0.25 – − 3.50) | |
| High | 8.28 (0.52) | 24 | 205 | 7.5 (1–19) | − 1.50 (0.85) | − 1.25 (− 0.50 – − 3.11) | |
| HC | Low | – | 0 | 0 | – | – | – |
| Mid-low | 2.88 (0.18) | 2 | 2 | 1 (1–1) | − 0.50 (0.35) | −0.50 (− 0.25 – − 0.75) | |
| Mid | 4.70 (0.61) | 3 | 9 | 1 (1–3) | − 1.68 (0.97) | −1.25 (− 0.75 – − 3.00) | |
| Mid-high | 6.59 (0.55) | 12 | 41 | 2 (1–13) | − 1.21 (1.12) | −0.83 (− 0.25 – − 4.12) | |
| High | 8.53 (0.45) | 55 | 485 | 9 (1–18) | − 0.88 (0.65) | − 0.67 (− 0.25 – − 3.83) | |
| Increases in self-esteem | |||||||
| Bin | Starting state: Mean (Sd) | Number of participants | Total number of increases | Number of increases: Median (min – max) | Increases: Mean (Sd) | Increases: Median (min – max) | |
| BPD-ACU | Low | 0.77 (0.62) | 47 | 256 | 5 (1–16) | 2.61 (1.52) | 2.25 (0.25–6.75) |
| Mid-low | 2.71 (0.49) | 54 | 229 | 3 (1–12) | 2.33 (1.27) | 2.25 (0.33–5.25) | |
| Mid | 4.46 (0.48) | 54 | 233 | 4 (1–11) | 1.69 (0.88) | 1.52 (0.38–4.25) | |
| Mid-high | 6.21 (0.48) | 40 | 163 | 3 (1–11) | 1.14 (0.49) | 1.11 (0.25–2.50) | |
| High | 7.87 (0.46) | 26 | 72 | 2 (1–14) | 0.66 (0.39) | 0.52 (0.25–1.50) | |
| BPD-REM | Low | 1.23 (0.50) | 15 | 35 | 1 (1–6) | 2.79 (1.67) | 2.50 (0.50–5.50) |
| Mid-low | 2.86 (0.48) | 22 | 103 | 3.5 (1–14) | 2.30 (1.34) | 2.23 (0.64–5.25) | |
| Mid | 4.43 (0.47) | 29 | 126 | 4 (1–12) | 1.66 (1.03) | 1.44 (0.38–4.25) | |
| Mid-high | 6.28 (0.52) | 23 | 129 | 5 (1–12) | 0.92 (0.89) | 0.89 (0.47–1.43) | |
| High | 7.82 (0.45) | 20 | 120 | 5 (1–13) | 0.62 (0.25) | 0.62 (0.25–1.17) | |
| HC | Low | 1.19 (0.31) | 2 | 4 | 2 (1–3) | 3.42 (2.00) | 3.42 (2.00–4.83) |
| Mid-low | 2.78 (0.47) | 7 | 20 | 2 (1–7) | 3.38 (1.52) | 3.75 (1.25–5.50) | |
| Mid | 4.71 (0.41) | 20 | 46 | 1.5 (1–10) | 2.90 (1.35) | 3.25 (0.85–4.75) | |
| Mid-high | 6.51 (0.44) | 37 | 126 | 2 (1–16) | 1.61 (0.64) | 1.50 (0.38–3.00) | |
| High | 8.16 (0.47) | 55 | 422 | 8 (1–16) | 0.45 (0.13) | 0.43 (0.25–1.00) | |
BPD-ACU patients with an acute Borderline personality disorder; BPD-REM symptomatically remitted patients with a loss of BPD diagnosis (< 5 diagnostic BPD criteria); HC healthy controls