Table 1.

COVID-19 Genetic Correlations When Accounting for Potential Confounding Variables

Smoking phenotypes	β CUD	β Smoking phenotype#	β EA	β TDI	β BMI	β FEV	β Fast Glu
Cannabis Use	0.566*	−0.362	−0.004	−0.109	0.288*	0.093	−0.001
CPD	0.358*	0.044	−0.253*	−0.256*	0.292*	0.075	0.032
Age Smoke	0.339*	−0.090	−0.220*	−0.265	0.296*	0.068	0.034
Smoking Cessation	0.379*	−0.345*	−0.140	−0.375*	0.288*	0.083	0.026
Ever Smoke	0.407*	−0.091	−0.260*	−0.221	0.311*	0.075	0.026

Note. Standardized beta estimates for Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD) and smoking phenotypes were taken from a multiple regression parameterized in gSEM.

^#Smoking phenotypes were entered and tested separately to avoid multicollinearity amongst tobacco phenotypes. Each row represents genetic correlations with COVID-19 hospitalization from one model. The multiple rows indicate the separate models run substituting each tobacco phenotype (listed in the first column). The model was COVID hospitalization = CUD + Smoking Phenotype + BMI + Townsend Deprivation index + Educational Attainment + Forced Expiration + Fasting Glucose + error. The original GWAS accounted for standard GWAS covariates (age, sex, genetic principal components, etc).

^*Bold represents p < .05. MJ Use = Marijuana Use, CPD = Cigarettes per day, Age Smoke = Age started smoking regularly, Ever Smoke = Ever smoked regularly.