Table 1.
Comparison of indices between young-old and old-old decedents
| Total (n = 189) |
Young-Old (< 80 years old) (n = 57) |
Old-Old (≥80 years) (n = 132) |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age* (mean, SD) | 84.3 (8.6) | 73.8 (4.0) | 88.9 (5.5) | < 0.001 |
| Sex* (count, %) | 0.004 | |||
| Female | 107 (56.6) | 24 (42.1) | 83 (62.9) | |
| Male | 82 (43.4) | 33 (57.9) | 49 (37.1) | |
| Residence (count, %) | 0.07 | |||
| Home | 142 (75.1) | 38 (66.7) | 104 (78.8) | |
| Nursing home | 47 (24.9) | 19 (33.3) | 28 (21.2) | |
| Primary Caregiver* (count, %) | 0.001 | |||
| Self | 17 (9.0) | 10 (17.5) | 7 (5.3) | |
| Spouse | 7 (3.7) | 3 (5.3) | 4 (3.0) | |
| Child | 22 (11.6) | 3 (5.3) | 19 (14.4) | |
| FDW | 89 (47.1) | 19 (33.3) | 70 (53.0) | |
| Others | 54 (28.6) | 22 (38.6) | 32 (24.3) | |
| Home services (count, %) | 37 (19.6) | 13 (22.8) | 24 (18.2) | 0.50 |
| Ambulation status (count, %) | 0.80 | |||
| Walking aid | 37 (19.9) | 13 (21.0) | 24 (18.5) | |
| Wheelchair bound | 30 (16.1) | 4 (6.5) | 26 (20.0) | |
| Bedbound | 119 (64.0) | 39 (69.6) | 80 (61.5) | |
| Clinical Indices | ||||
| FRAIL-NH (mean, SD) | 7.3 (3.4) | 7.0 (3.9) | 7.5 (3.2) | 0.30 |
| CCI* (mean, SD) | 7.5 (2.5) | 6.9 (2.8) | 7.7 (2.4) | 0.007 |
| Dementia (count, %) | 79 (41.8) | 21 (36.8) | 58 (43.9) | 0.30 |
| Polypharmacy (count, %) | 124 (65.6) | 41 (71.9) | 83 (62.9) | 0.01 |
| Commonly used medications (count, %) | ||||
| Statin | 32 (17.0) | 8 (14.0) | 24 (18.3) | 0.5 |
| Aspirin | 36 (19.2) | 10 (17.5) | 26 (20.0) | 0.7 |
| PPI | 63 (33.3) | 21 (36.8) | 42 (31.8) | 0.5 |
FDW foreign domestic worker, FRAIL-NH frailty score, CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, ACP advance care planning, ED emergency department, PPI proton pump inhibitor;
* denotes p < 0.05