Table 2.
Univariate comparison of all variables according to PHQ-2 score in the two cohorts
| Variables | i-Share (France) | Kyoto (Japan) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PHQ-2 | PHQ-2 | |||||
| [0–2] | [3–6] | p value | [0–2] | [3–6] | p value | |
| n = 4355 | n = 1300 | n = 16,555 | n = 593 | |||
| Self-rated health, n (%) | ||||||
| Good | 4280 (98.3) | 1219 (93.8) | < 0.001 | 15,973 (96.5) | 405 (68.3) | < 0.001 |
| Poor | 75 (1.7) | 81 (6.2) | 582 (3.5) | 188 (31.7) | ||
| Sex, n (%) | ||||||
| Female | 3342 (76.6) | 1115 (85.8) | < 0.001 | 4056 (24.5) | 137 (23.1) | 0.466 |
| Male | 1013 (23.3) | 185 (14.2) | 12,499 (75.5) | 456 (76.9) | ||
| Age, mean (SD) | 20.9 (2.6) | 20.4 (2.3) | < 0.001 | 22.4 (4.4) | 22.7 (3.4) | 0.064 |
| Year of study, n (%) | ||||||
| 1st undergraduate | 1616 (37.1) | 598 (46.0) | < 0.001 | 2662 (16.1) | 36 (6.1) | < 0.001 |
| Other years | 2739 (62.9) | 702 (54.0) | 13,893 (83.9) | 557 (93.9) | ||
| Sleep, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| Good | 3618 (83.1) | 860 (66.2) | < 0.001 | 12,506 (75.5) | 234 (39.5) | |
| Bad | 737 (16.9) | 440 (33.8) | 4049 (24.5) | 359 (60.5) | ||
| BMIa, n (%) | ||||||
| < 18.5 | 532 (12.2) | 197 (15.2) | < 0.001 | 2202 (13.3) | 88 (14.8) | < 0.001 |
| [18.5–24.9] | 3159 (72.5) | 871 (67.0) | 12,793 (77.3) | 439 (74.0) | ||
| [25–29.9] | 363 (8.3) | 108 (8.3) | 1336 (8.1) | 45 (7.6) | ||
| > =30 | 80 (1.8) | 40 (3.1) | 224 (1.4) | 21 (3.5) | ||
| Physical activity, n (%) | ||||||
| Regular | 3820 (87.7) | 1130 (86.9) | 0.448 | 11,124 (67.2) | 311 (52.4) | < 0.001 |
| Occasional or less | 535 (12.3) | 170 (13.1) | 5431 (32.8) | 282 (47.6) | ||
| Smoking, n (%) | ||||||
| No | 3296 (75.7) | 949 (73.0) | 0.049 | 16,109 (97.3) | 568 (95.8) | 0.039 |
| Yes | 1059 (24.3) | 351 (27.0) | 446 (2.7) | 25 (4.2) | ||
| Alcohol consumption, n (%) | ||||||
| Never | 300 (6.9) | 134 (10.3) | < 0.001 | 7029 (42.5) | 263 (44.4) | 0.375 |
| At least sometimes | 4055 (93.1) | 1166 (89.7) | 9526 (57.5) | 330 (55.6) | ||
Abbreviation; PHQ-2, the 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire; BMI Body mass index
ai-Share cohort had BMI missing values: 221 (5.1) for [0–2] and 84 (6.5) for [3–6]; p value was calculated without missing values