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. 2020 Nov 17;2020:8872296. doi: 10.1155/2020/8872296

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Ascorbic acid inhibits MPP+-induced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activation and enhances the expression of antioxidative proteins in astrocytes in vitro. Primary astrocytes were treated with 1 mM of AA for 24 h and/or 1 mM of MPP+ for another 24 h. (a) The expression of total gp91phox was detected by Western blotting (n = 3). (b) The expression of total p47phox was detected by Western blotting (n = 3). (c) The expression of GCLM was detected by Western blotting (n = 3). (d) The expression of HO-1 was detected by Western blotting (n = 3). (e) The expression of PGC-1α was detected by Western blotting (n = 3). Data were obtained from three independent experiments. One-way ANOVAs followed by LSD pairwise comparisons were performed. ∗ was considered significant compared to control (∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, and ∗∗∗P < 0.001). # was considered significant compared to MPTP or MPP+ (#P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, and ###P < 0.001).