Table 4.
List of COVID-19 Vaccine candidates under clinical evaluation stage.
| Vaccine Platform | Vaccine Name | Vaccine characteristics/Immunogen | Stage of Developmenta |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non Replicating Viral vector | ChAdOx1-S nCoV-19 vaccine | Adenovirus Type 5 vector that expresses S protein | Phase 3 NCT04516746 ISRCTN89951424 NCT04540393 CTRI/2020/08/027170 |
| Ad-5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine | Weak recombinant adenovirus carrying S protein expression | Phase 3 NCT04526990 NCT04540419 | |
| Gam-COVID-Vac | Adeno-based vectored combined (rAd26-S + rAd5-S) expressing S protein | Phase 3 NCT04530396 NCT04564716 | |
| Ad26.COV2.S | Adenovirus vectored vaccine | Phase 3 NCT04505722 | |
| GRAd-COV2 | Replication defective Gorilla Adenovirus that encodes for SARS-COV-2 Spike protein | Phase 1 NCT04528641 | |
| hAd5-S-Fusion + N-ETSD vaccine | Human adenovirus serotype 5 (hAd5) vector with E1/E2b/E3 deletions expressing viral S fusion protein and nucleocapsid with an enhanced T-cell stimulation domain (ETSD). | Phase 1 NCT04591717 | |
| Ad5-nCoV | Recombinant Novel Coronavirus Vaccine (Adenovirus Type 5 Vector) | Phase 1 NCT04552366 | |
| VXA-CoV2-1 | Ad5-vector based vaccine expressing a SARS-CoV-2 antigen and dsRNA adjuvant given as oral tablets | Phase 1 NCT04563702 | |
| MVA-SARS-2-S | Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara (MVA) vector expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S) | Phase 1 NCT04569383 | |
| DNA | INO-4800 | DNA plasmid encoding S protein with electroporation delivery mechanism | Phase 1/2 NCT04447781 NCT04336410 |
| AG0301-COVID19 AG0302-COVID19 |
DNA plasmid vaccine administered with adjuvant | Phase 1/2 NCT04463472 NCT04527081 | |
| Novel Corona Virus-2019-nCov vaccine | DNA plasmid vaccine expressing S protein | Phase 1/2 CTRI/2020/07/026352 | |
| GX-19 | DNA vaccine expressing SARS-CoV-2 S-protein antigen | Phase 1/2 NCT04445389 | |
| RNA | BNT162b1 | Prophylactic SARS-CoV-2 mRNA enclosed into lipid nanoparticle | Phase 3 NCT04368728 |
| mRNA 1273 | Novel lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated mRNA-based vaccine that encodes for a full-length spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 | Phase 3 NCT04470427 | |
| CVnCoV mRNA vaccine | mRNA | Phase 2 NCT04515147 | |
| ARCT-021 mRNA vaccine | Self-replicating mRNA encoding SARS-Cov-2 spike protein encapsulated in lipid nanoparticle | Phase 1/2 NCT04480957 | |
| LNP-nCoVsaRNA vaccine | Purified mRNA which mimics the virus gene for a spike protein on its surface | Phase 1 ISRCTN17072692 | |
| SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine | mRNA vaccine | Phase 1 ChiCTR2000034112 ChiCTR2000039212 | |
| Inactivated | Adsorbed COVID-19 (inactivated) Vaccine | Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 with adjuvant alum | Phase 3 NCT04456595 669/UN6.KEP/EC/2020 NCT04582344 |
| Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Vero cell) | Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 | Phase 3 ChiCTR2000034780 ChiCTR2000039000 | |
| Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Vero cell) | Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 | Phase 3 ChiCTR2000034780 NCT04560881 | |
| Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine | Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 | Phase 1/2 NCT04470609 | |
| QazCovid-in® - COVID-19 inactivated vaccine | Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 | Phase 1/2 NCT04530357 | |
| BBV152 | Whole Virion Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 | Phase 1/2 NCT04471519 CTRI/2020/09/027674 | |
| Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (Vero Cells) | Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 | Phase 1 ChiCTR2000038804 | |
| Replicating Viral Vector | TMV-083 | Live-attenuated recombinant measles vaccine virus vector expressing a modified surface glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 | Phase 1 NCT04497298 |
| V590 | Replication-competent VSV delivering the SARS-CoV-2 Spike | Phase 1 NCT04569786 | |
| DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT1 | Intranasal flu-based-RBD | Phase 1 ChiCTR2000037782 | |
| rVSV-SARS-CoV-2-S Vaccine | Replication-competent SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein | Phase 1 NCT04608305 | |
| Protein Subunit | SARS-CoV-2 rS | Full length recombinant SARS CoV-2 glycoprotein nanoparticle vaccine adjuvanted with Matrix M | Phase 3 2020-004123-16 |
| Recombinant new coronavirus vaccine (CHO cells) | Adjuvanted recombinant protein (RBD-Dimer) | Phase 2 NCT04466085 | |
| KBP-COVID-19 | RBD-based | Phase 1/2 NCT04473690 | |
| Recombinant S protein | Recombinant S protein (baculovirus production) with different adjuvants | Phase 1/2 NCT04537208 | |
| SCB-2019 | Native like Trimeric subunit Spike Protein vaccine | Phase 1 NCT04405908 | |
| COVAX-19 vaccine | Recombinant spike protein with Advax™ adjuvant | Phase 1 NCT04453852 | |
| MF59 adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 Sclamp vaccine | Molecular clamp stabilized Spike protein with MF59 adjuvant | Phase 1 ACTRN12620000674932p ISRCTN51232965 | |
| MVC-COV1901 | Spike protein with CpG 1018 and aluminum content as adjuvant | Phase 1 NCT04487210 | |
| SOBERANA 01 | RBD + Adjuvant | Phase 1 IFV/COR/04 | |
| EpiVacCorona | Peptide antigens of SARS-CoV-2 proteins, conjugated to a carrier protein and adsorbed on an aluminum-containing adjuvant (aluminum hydroxide) | Phase 1 NCT04527575 | |
| Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Sf9 cell) | RBD (baculovirus production expressed in Sf9 cells) | Phase 1 ChiCTR2000037518 | |
| pVAC | SARS-CoV-2 HLA-DR peptides | Phase 1 NCT04546841 | |
| UB-612 | High-precision designer S1-RBD-protein based vaccine containing a Th/CTL epitope peptide pool, that could bind to human MHC-I and MHC-II to activate T cells | Phase 1 NCT04545749 | |
| Virus Like Particle | RBD-HBsAg VLPs | RBD antigen is conjugated to the hepatitis B surface antigen that stimulates immune system to produce anti-RBD antibodies | Phase 1/2 ACTRN12620000817943 |
| Coronavirus-Like Particle COVID-19 Vaccine | Plant-derived VLP unadjuvanted or adjuvanted with either CpG 1018 or AS03 | Phase 1 NCT04450004 |