Table 4.
Association of Meibomian gland features with tear break-up time in upper and lower lids
| Upper Lid |
Lower Lid |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tear Break Up Time (TBUT) |
||||||||||||
| Meibomian gland feature | Total n=394 | <2* (Bad) n=141 | >2 - <3.2 n=136 | >=3.2 (Good) n=117 | ^PMC | ** p-value | Total n=498 | <2 (Bad) n=163 | >2 - <3.2 n=172 | >= 3.2 (Good) n=163 | ** p-value | ^PMC |
| Total, mean (SD) | 8.98 (2.82) | 8.65 | 9.31 | 8.98 | 0.95 | 0.86 | 7.20 (1.89) | 7.24 | 7.22 | 7.14 | 0.23 | 0.93 |
| Distorted, mean (SD) | 4.20 (2.28) | 3.91 | 4.39 | 4.32 | 0.95 | 0.66 | 1.56 (1.45) | 1.42 | 1.59 | 1.68 | 0.93 | 0.93 |
| Tortuous, mean (SD) | 0.83 (1.20) | 0.58 | 0.83 | 1.14 | 0.01 | <0.001 | 0.06 (0.30) | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.11 | 0.14 | 0.93 |
| Hooked, mean (SD) | 0.36 (0.71) | 0.28 | 0.32 | 0.51 | 0.95 | 0.14 | 0.05 (0.26) | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.10 | 0.14 | 0.93 |
| Short, mean (SD) | 2.97 (2.22) | 2.85 | 3.22 | 2.83 | 0.95 | 0.69 | 1.66 (1.78) | 1.72 | 1.58 | 1.67 | 0.30 | 0.93 |
| Thick, mean (SD) | 0.16 (0.57) | 0.15 | 0.22 | 0.12 | 0.95 | 0.30 | 0.03 (0.20) | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.05 | · | · |
| Thin, mean (SD) | 0.33 (0.69) | 0.22 | 0.42 | 0.37 | 0.28 | 0.02 | 0.08 (0.34) | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.12 | 0.20 | 0.93 |
| Overlapping, mean (SD) | 0.46 (0.71) | 0.43 | 0.46 | 0.51 | 0.95 | 0.83 | 0.06 (0.25) | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.93 |
| Ghost, mean (SD) | 0.86 (1.72) | 0.80 | 0.91 | 0.86 | 0.95 | 0.92 | 0.55 (1.37) | 0.68 | 0.38 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0.93 |
| Dropout gland, mean (SD) | 0.07 (0.45) | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.95 | 0.95 | 0.17 (0.54) | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.09 | 0.25 | 0.93 |
| Tadpoling, n(%) | 24 (6%) | (5%) | (6%) | (8%) | 0.95 | 0.12 | 5 (1%) | (1%) | (1%) | (1%) | · | · |
| Abnormal gap, n(%) | 106 (27%) | (27%) | (24%) | (30%) | 0.95 | 0.18 | 2 (0%) | (0%) | (1%) | (1%) | · | · |
| No extension to lid margin, n(%) | 16 (4%) | (3%) | (5%) | (4%) | 0.95 | 0.72 | 27 (5%) | (6%) | (6%) | (4%) | 0.50 | 0.93 |
| Fluffy areas, n(%) | 43 (11%) | (9%) | (8%) | (16%) | 0.48 | 0.03 | 32 (6%) | (6%) | (5%) | (9%) | 0.10 | 0.93 |
| Composite score, mean (SD) | 23.7 (10.0) | 21.90 | 23.29 | 26.26 | 0.02 | 0.001 | 13.1 (8.4) | 13.64 | 12.79 | 12.93 | 0.81 | 0.93 |
| Percent dropout area, mean (SD) | ||||||||||||
| Including ghost glands and fluffy areas | 0.23 (0.20) | 0.24 | 0.21 | 0.23 | 0.95 | 0.29 | 0.32 (0.19) | 0.34 | 0.30 | 0.33 | 0.39 | 0.93 |
| Excluding ghost glands and fluffy areas | 0.11 (0.11) | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.95 | 0.85 | 0.19 (0.14) | 0.20 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.59 | 0.93 |
*
Seconds
**
Adjusted for age and sex; p-values not adjusted for multiple comparisons.
^
Adjusted for multiple comparisons