(A and B) Summary of congenital heart defects (CHDs) in mouse embryos of various genotypes (e13.5–14.5) as determined by ECM imaging. (B) Shows representative ECM images of the many defects observed in double heterozygous embryos, along with normal hearts from control (single heterozygous) embryos. Ao, aorta; AVSD, atrioventricular septal defect; Dex, dextrocardia; LA, left atrium; LV, left ventricle; mLV, morphological left ventricle; mRV, morphological right ventricle; PA, pulmonary artery; RA, right atrium; RV, right ventricle; VSD, ventricular septal defect. A detailed phenotypic analysis of each embryo can be found in Tables S2, S3, and S4. Scale bars, 100 μm.
(C) Table shows the frequencies of CHDs, preaxial digit duplication, and laterality defects observed in mouse embryos carrying increasing numbers of mutant alleles of Megf8, Mgrn1, and Rnf157. Darker shades of orange and green indicate a higher penetrance of the indicated birth defect and laterality phenotype, respectively. A detailed phenotypic analysis of every embryo of each genotype can be found in Tables S1–S5 and a full compilation of the penetrance of various phenotypes is provided in Table S6. For a more detailed analysis of the correlation between laterality and CHD phenotypes observed in Megf8m/+;Mgrn1m/+ embryos, refer to Table S7. See also Tables S1–S7.