Table 5 (online only).
Comparison of reported daily intake of food groups and macronutrients between 687 adults within the Emory- Georgia Tech Predictive Health Initiative cohort from 2007–2013 categorized into body composition subtypes a
| Food Group/Macronutrient Variable | Lean (n=98) | Normal Weight Obesity (n=162) | Overweight-Obesity (n=427) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total fat (grams) | 38.6 ± 0.7y,z | 38.4 ± 0.6y | 40.4 ± 0.4z |
| Saturated fat (grams)b | 10.4 (9.8, 10.9)y | 10.3 (9.9, 10.7)y | 11.2 (11.0, 11.5)z |
| Monounsaturated fat (grams) | 15.4 ± 0.3x | 15.4 ± 0.3x | 16.1 ± 0.2x |
| Polyunsaturated fat (grams) b | 9.3 (8.9, 9.8)x | 9.3 (8.9, 9.6)x | 9.5 (9.3, 9.7)x |
| Trans-fat (gram) b | 0.9 (0.8, 1)y | 0.9 (0.8, 0.9)y | 1.1 (1.1, 1.2)z |
| Total carbohydrates (grams) | 123.6 ± 2.0y | 125.6 ± 1.6y | 118.3 ± 1.0z |
| Total grains (ounce equivalents) | 2.9 ± 0.1x | 2.6 ± 0.1x | 2.8 ± 0.04x |
| Whole grains (ounce equivalents) | 0.9 ± 0.1y | 0.8 ± 0.04y,z | 0.7 ± 0.03z |
| Refined grains (ounce equivalents) | 2.0 ± 0.1y,z | 1.9 ± 0.1y | 2.1 ± 0.04z |
| Total dietary fiber (grams) b | 12.1 (11.3, 12.9)y | 11.7 (11.1, 12.4)y | 10.7 (10.4, 11.1)z |
| Added sugars (teaspoon equivalents) b | 5.6 (5.1, 6.1)x | 5.5 (5.1, 6.0)x | 5.4 (5.2, 5.7)x |
| Total fruits (cups) b | 0.8 (0.7, 0.9)y | 0.8 (0.8, 0.9)y | 0.6 (0.6, 0.7)z |
| Whole fruit (cups) b | 0.6 (0.5, 0.6)y | 0.6 (0.5, 0.7)y | 0.4 (0.4, 0.5)z |
| Total Vegetables (cups) b | 1.2 (1.1, 1.3)x | 1.3 (1.2, 1.4)x | 1.2 (1.1, 1.2)x |
| Yellow/orange (cups) b | 0.08 (0.07, 0.1)y,z | 0.1 (0.08, 0.11)y | 0.07 (0.07, 0.08)z |
| Dark leafy greens (cups) b | 0.03 (0.02, 0.03)x | 0.03 (0.02, 0.03)x | 0.03 (0.02, 0.03)x |
| Potatoes (cups) b | 0.08 (0.07, 0.09)x | 0.10 (0.09, 0.11)y | 0.12 (0.11, 0.12)z |
| Total protein (grams) b | 38.2 (36.8, 39.7)y,z | 37.2 (36.1, 38.3)y | 39.5 (38.8, 40.2)z |
| Milk and dairy products (milk equivalents) b,c | 0.5 (0.5, 0.6)x | 0.5 (0.5, 0.6)x | 0.6 (0.5, 0.6)x |
| Eggs (count) b | 0.1 (9.6, 0.2)x | 0.1 (0.1, 0.1)x | 0.1 (0.1, 0.2)x |
| Beef, pork, and lamb (ounces) b | 0.3 (0.3, 0.4)y | 0.4 (0.3, 0.5)y | 0.5 (0.5, 0.6)z |
| Poultry (ounces) b | 0.3 (0.2, 0.3)y | 0.3 (0.2, 0.3)y | 0.4 (0.3, 0.4)z |
| Fish/seafood (ounces) b | 0.3 (0.3, 0.4)x | 0.3 (0.2, 0.4)x | 0.4 (0.3, 0.4)x |
| Beans/legumes/nuts/soy (servings) b | 1.7 (1.4, 2.0)y | 1.6 (1.4, 1.8)y | 1.2 (1.1, 1.3)z |
Values are presented as units per 1000 kcal and as mean ± SE for normally distributed data or geometric mean (95% confidence interval) for variables requiring natural log-transformation. All analyses were adjusted for age, race, and sex.
Variable was natural log-transformed for analyses and back transformed for data presentation. Because the standard error cannot be back transformed, 95% confidence intervals are shown.
A milk equivalent is equal to consumption of one cup of low-fat milk.
Results of Tukey post hoc analyses are denoted by superscript letters x, y, and z and indicate significant differences between groups for each row. Within each row, values that are not connected by the same letter are significantly different at P< 0.05.