Table 1.
Short chain fatty acids in healthy controls, IBS-D and bile acid diarrhoea subjects.
| Healthy controls | IBS-D | BAD | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median | IQR | Median | IQR | Median | IQR | |
| % Faecal Water | 69.3 | (63.0–72.9) | 71.7 | (67.6–82.8) | 75.6 | (64.5–81.2) |
| Total SCFA | 522.9 | (418.7–703.5) | 465.1 | (308.7–944.7) | 545.2 | (417.8–1075.9) |
| Acetate | 329.9 | (252.7–451.5) | 286.0 | (186.7–610.0) | 353.7 | (265.7–708.0) |
| Propionate | 78.1 | (49.0–103.6) | 81.5 | (41.9–129.3) | 128.4 | (51.3–207.7) |
| Butyrate | 73.6 | (46.5–100.7) | 74.7 | (37.7–138.3) | 65.4 | (36.7–155.2) |
| Isobutyrate | 8.1 | (6.0–10.8) | 9.3 | (7.0–11.9) | 7.0 | (3.7–11.3) |
| Valeric | 10.9 | (7.6–16.7) | 11.7 | (7.7–15.8) | 6.9 | (2.4–16.8) |
| Isovaleric | 7.5 | (5.6–10.6) | 9.7 | (6.0–11.4) | 8.1 | (6.3–12.5) |
| Caproic | 4.7 | (1.0–7.8) | 2.9 | (1.0–9.8) | 1.2 | (1.0–2.1) |
| Isocaproic | 0.17 | (0.13–0.26) | 0.22 | (0.15–0.48) | 0.32 | (0.25–0.58) |
| Heptanoic | 0.42 | (0.06–1.04) | 0.22 | (0.06–1.19) | 0.09 | (0.05–0.25) |
| Octanoic | 0.14 | (0.00–0.32) | 0.09 | (0.0–0.29) | 0.06 | (0.0–0.26) |
| % Acetate | 65.1 | (61.5–67.9) | 62.5 | (58.4–67.5) | 60.1 | (53.0–72.5) |
| % Propionate | 14.8 | (13.4–16.2) | 14.2 | (11.2–18.2) | 16.8 | (13.5–25.3) |
| % Butyrate | 13.8 | (11.5–15.1) | 13.8 | (11.9–16.3) | 10.6 | (7.7–17.3) |
| % Isobutyrate | 1.6 | (1.3–2.0) | 2.1 | (0.8–3.1) | 1.1 | (0.5–1.7) |
| % Valeric | 2.2 | (1.8–2.5) | 2.2 | (1.4–2.7) | 1.3 | (0.3–2.3) |
| % Isovaleric | 1.6 | (1.2–2.0) | 2.1 | (0.6–3.2) | 1.7 | (0.9–2.3) |
| % Caproic | 0.70 | (0.31–1.45) | 0.84 | (0.36–1.56) | 0.22 | (0.12–0.43) |
| % Isocaproic | 0.03 | (0.02–0.06) | 0.04 | (0.03–0.09) | 0.05 | (0.04–0.08) |
| % Heptanoic | 0.07 | (0.01–0.21) | 0.03 | (0.01–0.21) | 0.02 | (0.01–0.04) |
| % Octanoic | 0.03 | (0.01–0.06) | 0.02 | (0.00–0.06) | 0.01 | (0.0–0–0.04) |
| Ratios | P value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IBS/HC | BAD/HC | BAD/IBS | Overall | BAD/HC | BAD/IBS | |
| % Faecal Water | 1.04 | 1.09 | 1.05 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.81 |
| Total SCFA | 0.89 | 1.04 | 1.17 | 0.32 | 0.16 | 0.21 |
| Acetate | 0.87 | 1.07 | 1.24 | 0.31 | 0.24 | 0.17 |
| Propionate | 1.04 | 1.64 | 1.58 | 0.11 | 0.04 | 0.11 |
| Butyrate | 1.01 | 0.89 | 0.88 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.89 |
| Isobutyrate | 1.15 | 0.86 | 0.75 | 0.40 | 0.41 | 0.28 |
| Valeric | 1.07 | 0.63 | 0.59 | 0.41 | 0.24 | 0.26 |
| Isovaleric | 1.29 | 1.08 | 0.84 | 0.61 | 0.43 | 0.98 |
| Caproic | 0.61 | 0.26 | 0.43 | 0.11 | 0.04 | 0.14 |
| Isocaproic | 1.31 | 1.87 | 1.43 | 0.01 | 0.003 | 0.09 |
| Heptanoic | 0.52 | 0.22 | 0.43 | 0.14 | 0.05 | 0.15 |
| Octanoic | 0.62 | 0.42 | 0.68 | 0.91 | 0.78 | 0.64 |
| % Acetate | 0.96 | 0.92 | 0.96 | 0.39 | 0.25 | 0.79 |
| % Propionate | 0.96 | 1.13 | 1.18 | 0.19 | 0.12 | 0.13 |
| % Butyrate | 1.00 | 0.77 | 0.77 | 0.47 | 0.27 | 0.30 |
| % Isobutyrate | 1.29 | 0.65 | 0.50 | 0.00 | 0.04 | 0.06 |
| % Valeric | 1.01 | 0.58 | 0.58 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.04 |
| % Isovaleric | 1.32 | 1.08 | 0.82 | 0.70 | 0.79 | 0.42 |
| % Caproic | 1.19 | 0.31 | 0.26 | 0.007 | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| % Isocaproic | 1.29 | 1.41 | 1.09 | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.57 |
| % Heptanoic | 0.45 | 0.27 | 0.60 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.10 |
| % Octanoic | 0.77 | 0.39 | 0.51 | 0.85 | 0.69 | 0.55 |
Data are expressed as medians and interquartile ranges (IQR). Total SCFA and individual SCFA are expressed as µmol g−1 dry weight.
Data from healthy controls (n = 26), IBS-D (n = 20) and BAD (n = 20) groups.
Statistical comparisons were by Kruskal Wallis tests between all three groups and Mann Witney U-test between two groups. P values < 0.05 are shown in bold.