Table 1.
Baseline clinicopathologic characteristics and univariate analysis of training and validation cohorts.
| Variables | Training cohorta | Validation cohorta | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of patients (%) | 5-Y OS (%) | P value | No. of patients (%) | 5-Y OS (%) | P value* | |
| Location | 0.450 | 0.060 | ||||
| Colon | 5,161 (80.1) | 72.0 | 2,194 (79.6) | 70.1 | ||
| Rectum | 1,279 (19.9) | 73.8 | 564 (20.4) | 74.2 | ||
| Sex | 0.002 | 0.039 | ||||
| Female | 3,086 (47.9) | 74.6 | 1,301 (47.2) | 72.4 | ||
| Male | 3,354 (52.1) | 70.4 | 1,457 (52.8) | 69.6 | ||
| Race | 0.979 | 0.656 | ||||
| White | 4,853 (75.4) | 73.2 | 2,069 (75) | 72.1 | ||
| Black | 825 (12.8) | 64.6 | 380 (13.8) | 62.2 | ||
| Other | 725 (11.3) | 74.5 | 295 (10.7) | 72.6 | ||
| Unknown | 37 (0.6) | 100 | 14 (0.5) | 92.9 | ||
| Age, year | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| ≤60 | 3,162 (49.1) | 77.1 | 1,337 (48.5) | 77.0 | ||
| >60 | 3,278 (50.9) | 67.9 | 1,421 (51.5) | 65.3 | ||
| Size, cm | <0.001 | 0.232 | ||||
| ≤ 4.5 | 3,408 (52.9) | 74.7 | 1,477 (53.6) | 72.0 | ||
| > 4.5 | 2,755 (42.8) | 69.2 | 1,165 (42.2) | 68.8 | ||
| Unknown | 277 (4.3) | 76.1 | 116 (4.2) | 78.4 | ||
| Histological grade | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Grade I | 355 (5.5) | 79.4 | 138 (5.0) | 62.9 | ||
| Grade II | 4,537 (70.5) | 74.9 | 1,926 (69.8) | 74.0 | ||
| Grade III | 1,236 (19.2) | 63.5 | 551 (20) | 64.5 | ||
| Grade IV | 199 (3.1) | 59.6 | 102 (3.7) | 60.1 | ||
| Unknown | 113 (1.8) | 69.8 | 41 (1.5) | 69.1 | ||
| pT stage | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| pT1 | 414 (6.4) | 90.5 | 171 (6.2) | 84.7 | ||
| pT2 | 745 (11.6) | 86.1 | 276 (10) | 88.1 | ||
| pT3 | 4,179 (64.9) | 73.3 | 1,775 (64.4) | 72.6 | ||
| pT4a | 758 (11.8) | 55.3 | 367 (13.3) | 53.5 | ||
| pT4b | 344 (5.3) | 47.6 | 169 (6.1) | 49.1 | ||
| pN stage | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| pN1a | 2,079 (32.3) | 81.0 | 909 (33) | 78.3 | ||
| pN1b | 2,030 (31.5) | 75.2 | 826 (29.9) | 72.3 | ||
| pN1c | 273 (4.2) | 75.5 | 140 (5.1) | 70.2 | ||
| pN2a | 1,191 (18.5) | 67.6 | 504 (18.3) | 65.5 | ||
| pN2b | 867 (13.5) | 51.1 | 379 (13.7) | 57.7 | ||
| TD status | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Negative | 5,580 (86.6) | 73.8 | 2,397 (86.9) | 72.6 | ||
| Positive | 860 (13.4) | 63.5 | 361 (13.1) | 59.1 | ||
| Retrieved LNs | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| <12 | 774 (12.0) | 65.0 | 326 (11.8) | 65.0 | ||
| ≥12 | 5,688 (88.0) | 73.4 | 2,432 (88.2) | 71.7 | ||
No., number; OS, overall survival; pN, pathological N; TD, tumor deposit; Y, year.
aRatio of training to validation cohorts is 7:3 by randomized number using R software.
*P values based on chi-squared test.