Table 3.
Risk factors for 30-day readmissions in Total PH.
| Characteristics | 30-day readmissions |
Multivariate OR |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not readmitted | Readmitted | p-Values | Unadjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | p-Values | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | p-Values | |
| Age, mean ( ± SD) | 63.93 ( ± 16.3) | 63.76 ( ± 16.1) | 0.625 | ||||
| Young adults (18–39 years), N (%) | 1017 (8.60%) | 226 (8.10%) | 0.051 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | ||
| Middle aged (40–64 years), N (%) | 4582 (38.60%) | 1150 (41.10%) | 1.05 (1.01–1.10) | 0.015 | 1.23(1.11–1.37) | <0.01 | |
| Elderly (≥ 65 years), N (%) | 6263 (52.80%) | 1421 (50.80%) | 0.97 (0.95–1.00) | 0.057 | |||
| Sex | |||||||
| Female | 8034 (67.70%) | 1864 (66.60%) | 0.270 | 0.95 (0.87–1.04) | 0.270 | ||
| Male | 3828 (32.30%) | 933 (33.40%) | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| Insurance type/expected primary payer | |||||||
| Medicare, N (%) | 7371 (61.80%) | 1811 (64.20%) | <0.01 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | ||
| Medicaid, N (%) | 1490 (12.50%) | 441 (15.60%) | 1.20 (1.07–1.36) | 0.002 | 1.25 (1.09–1.44) | 0.001 | |
| Private, N (%) | 2328 (19.50%) | 415 (14.70%) | 0.73 (0.65–0.82) | <0.01 | 0.80 (0.70–0.92) | 0.002 | |
| AHRQ comorbidities, N (%) | |||||||
| Deficiency anemias | 2734 (23%) | 874 (31.20%) | <0.01 | 1.51 (1.38–1.67) | <0.01 | 1.32 (1.19–1.45) | <0.01 |
| Congestive heart failure | 4601 (38.80%) | 1302 (46.50%) | <0.01 | 1.37 (1.26–1.49) | <0.01 | 1.25 (1.15–1.38) | <0.01 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 4741 (40%) | 1282 (45.80%) | <0.01 | 1.27 (1.17–1.38) | <0.01 | 1.20 (1.10–1.30) | <0.01 |
| Hypothyroidism | 2088 (17.6%) | 442 (15.8%) | 0.023 | 0.88 (0.78–0.98) | 0.024 | 0.85 (0.75–0.94) | 0.004 |
| Liver disease | 883 (7.40%) | 279 (10%) | <0.01 | 1.38 (1.20–1.59) | <0.01 | 1.24 (1.07–1.44) | 0.006 |
| Fluid and electrolyte disorders | 3733 (31.50%) | 1028 (36.80%) | <0.01 | 1.26 (1.16–1.38) | <0.01 | 1.15 (1.05–1.26) | 0.003 |
| Obesity | 3332 (28.10%) | 719 (25.70%) | 0.011 | 0.88 (0.80–0.97) | 0.011 | 0.80 (0.72–0.88) | <0.01 |
| Renal failure | 3159 (26.60%) | 965 (34.50%) | <0.01 | 1.45 (1.33–1.58) | <0.01 | 1.25 (1.13–1.38) | <0.01 |
| Weight loss | 485 (4.10%) | 159 (5.70%) | <0.01 | 1.41 (1.17–1.70) | <0.01 | 1.25 (1.03–1.52) | 0.021 |
| All patient refined diagnosis related group: risk of mortality subclass | |||||||
| Minor likelihood of dying, N (%) | 627 (5.30%) | 89 (3.20%) | <0.01 | ||||
| Moderate likelihood of dying, N (%) | 5535 (46.70%) | 1196 (42.80%) | |||||
| Major likelihood of dying, N (%) | 4597 (38.80%) | 1288 (46%) | |||||
| Extreme likelihood of dying, N (%) | 1102 (9.30%) | 224 (8%) | |||||
| All patient refined diagnosis related group: severity of illness subclass | |||||||
| Minor loss of function, N (%) | 153 (1.30%) | 18 (0.60%) | <0.01 | ||||
| Moderate loss of function, N (%) | 4650 (39.20%) | 899 (32.10%) | |||||
| Major loss of function, N (%) | 5761 (48.60%) | 1577 (56.40%) | |||||
| Extreme loss of function, N (%) | 1297 (10.90%) | 303 (10.80%) | |||||
| Disposition of patient at discharge | |||||||
| Home or self care | 7455 (62.86%) | 1621 (57.95%) | <0.01 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | ||
| Transfer to skilled nursing or intermediate care facility | 1197 (10.09%) | 372 (13.3%) | 1.42 (1.25–1.62) | <0.01 | 1.21 (1.05–1.39) | 0.008 | |
| Home health care | 2510 (21.17%) | 705 (25.21%) | 1.28 (1.16–1.41) | <0.01 | 1.15 (1.03–1.29) | 0.008 | |
| Total length of stay in days, mean (± SD) | 6.41 (± 7.40) | 6.96 ( ± 8.40) | 0.001 | ||||
| Length of stay of index hospitalization, N (%) | |||||||
| ≤ 3days | 4648 (39.20%) | 971 (34.70%) | <0.01 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | ||
| 4–7 days | 4084 (34.40%) | 1011 (36.10%) | 1.18 (1.07–1.30) | 0.001 | 1.09 (0.98–1.21) | 0.078 | |
| >7 days | 3130 (26.40%) | 815 (29.10%) | 1.25 (1.13–1.38) | <0.01 | 1.16 (1.04–1.30) | 0.009 | |
| Hospital bed size | |||||||
| Small, N (%) | 1017 (8.60%) | 275 (9.80%) | <0.01 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | ||
| Medium, N (%) | 2297 (19.40%) | 628 (22.50%) | 1.01 (0.86–1.18) | 0.890 | |||
| Large, N (%) | 8548 (72.10%) | 1894 (67.70%) | 0.82 (0.71–0.94) | 0.006 | 0.84 (0.73–0.98) | 0.035 | |
| Hospital urban–rural designation | |||||||
| Large metropolitan areas with at least one million residents, N (%) | 7723 (65.10%) | 1860 (66.50%) | 0.140 | 1 (Reference) | |||
| Small metropolitan areas with less than one million residents, N (%) | 3466 (29.20%) | 779 (27.90%) | 0.93 (0.85–1.02) | 0.144 | |||
| Micropolitan areas, N (%) | 550 (4.60%) | 119 (4.30%) | 0.90 (0.73–1.10) | 0.304 | |||
| Not metropolitan or micropolitan (non-urban residual), N (%) | 123 (1%) | 39 (1.40%) | 1.31 (0.91–1.90) | 0.138 | |||
| Teaching status of hospital | |||||||
| Metropolitan non-teaching, N (%) | 3219 (27.10%) | 826 (29.50%) | 0.037 | 0.89 (0.80–0.97) | 0.001 | 0.92 (0.83–1.02) | 0.123 |
| Metropolitan teaching, N (%) | 7970 (67.20%) | 1813 (64.80%) | 0.91 (0.76–1.10) | 0.357 | |||
| Non-metropolitan, N (%) | 673 (5.70%) | 158 (5.60%) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| Control/ownership of hospital | |||||||
| Government, nonfederal, N (%) | 2144 (18.10%) | 475 (17%) | 0.014 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | ||
| Private, not-profit, N (%) | 8359 (70.50%) | 1949 (69.70%) | 1.05 (0.94–1.17) | 0.367 | |||
| Private, investor-owned, N (%) | 1359 (11.5%) | 373 (13.3%) | 1.24 (1.06–1.44) | 0.006 | 1.14 (0.97–1.35) | 0.110 | |
AHRQ: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Values that are statistically significant with a p-value less than or equal to 0.05 are in bold.