Table 5.
Risk factors for 30-day readmissions in SPH.
| Characteristics | 30-day readmissions |
Multivariate OR |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not readmitted | Readmitted | p-Values | Unadjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | p-Values | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | p-Values | |
| Age, mean (±SD) | |||||||
| Young adults (18–39 years), N (%) | 789 (7.4%) | 189 (7.4%) | 0.142 | 1 (Reference) | |||
| Middle aged (40–64 years), N (%) | 4076 (38.2%) | 1026 (40.2%) | 1.04 (0.99–1.09) | 0.055 | |||
| Elderly (≥65 years), N (%) | 5811 (54.4%) | 1335 (52.4%) | 0.97 (0.94–1.00) | 0.059 | |||
| Sex | |||||||
| Female | 7162 (67.1%) | 1693 (66.4%) | 0.504 | 0.97 (0.88–1.06) | 0.504 | ||
| Male | 3514 (32.9%) | 857 (33.6%) | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| Insurance type/expected primary payer | |||||||
| Medicare, N (%) | 6757 (62.9%) | 1687 (65.5%) | <0.01 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | ||
| Medicaid, N (%) | 1292 (12.0%) | 396 (15.4%) | 1.23 (1.08–1.39) | 0.001 | 1.40 (1.22–1.60) | <0.01 | |
| Private, N (%) | 2017 (18.8%) | 349 (13.5%) | 0.69 (0.61–0.79) | <0.01 | 0.70 (0.60–0.81) | 0.017 | |
| Median household income | |||||||
| ≥$64,000, N (%) | 2252 (21.0%) | 492 (19.1%) | 0.142 | 0.86 (0.76–0.98) | 0.020 | 0.94 (0.83–1.07) | 0.384 |
| $48,000–$63,999, N (%) | 2526 (23.5%) | 579 (22.5%) | 0.90 (0.80–1.01) | 0.100 | |||
| $38,000–$47,999, N (%) | 2656 (24.7%) | 664 (25.8%) | 0.99 (0.88–1.11) | 0.830 | |||
| ≤37,999, N (%) | 3127 (29.1%) | 792 (30.7%) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| AHRQ comorbidities, N (%) | |||||||
| Deficiency anemias | 2492 (23.3%) | 809 (31.7%) | <0.01 | 1.52 (1.39–1.68) | <0.01 | 1.33 (1.20–1.47) | <0.01 |
| Congestive heart failure | 4183 (39.2%) | 1210 (47.5%) | <0.01 | 1.40 (1.28–1.52) | <0.01 | 1.27 (1.15–1.40) | <0.01 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 4341 (40.7%) | 1193 (46.8%) | <0.01 | 1.28 (1.17–1.4) | <0.01 | 1.21 (1.10–1.32) | <0.01 |
| Diabetes, uncomplicated | 2952 (27.7%) | 767 (30.1%) | 0.014 | 1.12 (1.02–1.23) | 0.014 | 1.10 (1.02–1.22) | 0.048 |
| Hypothyroidism | 1906 (17.9%) | 397 (15.6%) | 0.006 | 0.85 (0.75–0.95) | 0.006 | 0.81 (0.72–0.91) | 0.001 |
| Liver disease | 797 (7.5%) | 250 (9.8%) | <0.01 | 1.35 (1.16–1.56) | <0.01 | 1.27 (1.09–1.49) | 0.002 |
| Fluid and electrolyte disorders | 3335 (31.2%) | 914 (35.8%) | <0.01 | 1.23 (1.12–1.34) | <0.01 | 1.12 (1.02–1.23) | 0.020 |
| Obesity | 3062 (28.7%) | 672 (26.4%) | 0.019 | 0.89 (0.8–0.98) | 0.019 | 0.81 (0.73–0.90) | <0.01 |
| Renal failure | 2924 (27.4%) | 892 (35.0%) | <0.01 | 1.42 (1.3–1.56) | <0.01 | 1.22 (1.11–1.36) | <0.01 |
| Weight loss | 421 (3.9%) | 141 (5.5%) | <0.01 | 1.42 (1.17–1.73) | <0.01 | 1.27 (1.03–1.56) | 0.021 |
| All patient refined diagnosis related group: risk of mortality subclass | |||||||
| Minor likelihood of dying | 519 (4.9%) | 78 (3.1%) | <0.01 | ||||
| Moderate likelihood of dying | 5365 (50.3%) | 1162 (45.6%) | |||||
| Major likelihood of dying | 3831 (35.9%) | 1107 (43.4%) | |||||
| Extreme likelihood of dying | 960 (9.0%) | 203 (8.0%) | |||||
| All patient refined diagnosis related group: severity of illness subclass | |||||||
| Minor loss of function | 150 (1.4%) | 18 (0.7%) | <0.01 | ||||
| Moderate loss of function | 4134 (38.7%) | 819 (32.1%) | |||||
| Major loss of function | 5253 (49.2%) | 1446 (56.7%) | |||||
| Extreme loss of function | 1138 (10.7%) | 267 (10.5%) | |||||
| Disposition of patient at discharge | |||||||
| Home or self care | 6705 (62.82%) | 1474 (57.8%) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| Transfer to skilled nursing or intermediate care facility | 1119 (10.48%) | 348 (13.65%) | 1.41 (1.23–1.61) | <0.01 | 1.17 (1.02–1.35) | 0.030 | |
| Home health care | 2253 (21.11%) | 641 (25.14%) | 1.28 (1.15–1.42) | <0.01 | 1.13 (1.02–1.27) | 0.023 | |
| Total length of stay in days, mean (±SD) | 6.27 (±7.1) | 6.70 (±7.8) | 0.007 | ||||
| Length of stay of index hospitalization, N (%) | |||||||
| ≤3days | 4275 (39.8%) | 920 (35.7%) | 0.001 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | ||
| 4–7 days | 3698 (34.4%) | 938 (36.4%) | 1.18 (1.07–1.30) | 0.001 | 1.08 (0.97–1.18) | 0.242 | |
| >7 days | 2766 (25.8%) | 719 (27.9%) | 1.21 (1.08–1.35) | 0.001 | 1.06 (0.94–1.21) | 0.302 | |
| Hospital bed size | |||||||
| Small, N (%) | 940 (8.8%) | 251 (9.8%) | <0.01 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | ||
| Medium, N (%) | 2130 (20.0%) | 589 (23.1%) | 1.03 (0.88–1.22) | 0.681 | |||
| Large, N (%) | 7606 (71.2%) | 1710 (67.1%) | 0.84 (0.72–0.98) | 0.023 | 0.88 (0.75–1.02) | 0.090 | |
AHRQ: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Values that are statistically significant with a p-value less than or equal to 0.05 are in bold.