TABLE 2.
Observational and one-sample MR analysis.
| Trait | Observational effect size | Observational 95% CI | Observational P-value | MR effect size | MR 95% CI | MR P-value |
| BMI | 1.13 | 1.07–1.20 | 1.26 × 10–5 | 1.15 | 1.05–1.26 | 0.003 |
| WC | 1.15 | 1.08–1.23 | 1.91 × 10–5 | 1.06 | 0.95–1.18 | 0.270 |
| SBP | 0.99 | 0.93–1.06 | 0.863 | 1.02 | 1.00–1.04 | 0.111 |
| Fasting glucose | 1.04 | 0.99–1.10 | 0.090 | 0.73 | 0.33–1.61 | 0.434 |
| HbA1c | 1.04 | 1.004–1.09 | 0.031 | 0.98 | 0.92–1.04 | 0.519 |
| LDL cholesterol | 0.97 | 0.91–1.03 | 0.335 | 1.58 | 1.21–2.06 | 0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol | 0.85 | 0.78–0.92 | 3.17 × 10–5 | 1.03 | 0.57–1.85 | 0.918 |
| Triglycerides | 0.99 | 0.93–1.05 | 0.748 | 1.17 | 0.90–1.51 | 0.243 |
Effect sizes represent odds ratio for every 1 standard deviation increment in exposure trait. The standard deviations are: 4.7 kg/m2, 13.4 cm, 20.5 mmHg, 1.2 mmol/L, 6.3 mmol/mol, 0.87 mmol/L, 0.38 mmol/L and 1.0 mmol/L, for BMI, WC, SBP, fasting glucose, HbA1c, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides, respectively. BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure, HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; CI, confidence interval; MR, Mendelian randomization.