Table 2.
Comparison of laboratory findings at the admission between COVID-19 patients with and without pneumonia
| All enrolled patients (n = 70) | Patients without pneumonia (n = 22) | Patients with pneumonia (n = 48) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blood glucose, mmol/L | 5.40 (4.90–6.70) | 5.00 (4.73–5.65) | 5.70 (5.13–7.00) | 0.715 |
| Blood lipid, mmol/L | 1.16 (0.77–1.60) | 1.28 (0.72–1.60) | 1.15 (0.79–1.62) | 0.617 |
| PaO2, mmHg | 85.00 (74.00–113.50) | 81.00 (73.25–136.25) | 86.00 (74.50–113.50) | 0.711 |
| PaCO2, mmHg | 37.00 (34.25–40.75) | 39.00 (37.25–41.75) | 37.00 (34.00–40.00) | 0.945 |
| SaO2, mmHg | 97.00 (96.00–99.00) | 96.00 (96.00–99.00) | 97.00 (96.00–99.00) | 0.838 |
| ABE, mmol/L | 1.65 (0.40–2.28) | 2.45 (–0.13–3.08) | 1.45 (0.40–2.10) | 0.738 |
| WBC, 109/L | 4.85 (3.81–6.74) | 5.36 (4.03–6.54) | 4.44 (3.58–7.40) | 0.790 |
| Neutrophils, % | 61.20 (53.35–75.53) | 55.60 (50.88–66.13) | 64.45 (55.80–81.58) | 0.001 |
| Lymphocyte, % | 29.45 (17.77–36.23) | 33.10 (24.93–38.73) | 27.95 (12.74–34.88) | 0.006 |
| CRP, mg/L | 7.00 (1.64–25.24) | 4.20 (1.00–28.65) | 9.31 (2.06–24.11) | 0.341 |
| IL-6, pg/ml | 8.06 (4.77–24.63) | 5.87 (4.85–11.58) | 13.50 (4.30–28.63) | 0.016 |
| Procalcitonin, ng/ml | 0.05 (0.03–0.07) | 0.04 (0.03–0.06) | 0.05 (0.04–0.09) | 0.441 |
| ESR, mm/60 min | 13.00 (4.00–39.00) | 10.00 (4.00–28.00) | 14.50 (4.25–41.00) | 0.371 |
| Lactate, mmol/L | 1.97 (1.61–3.31) | 2.03 (1.50–2.95) | 1.89 (1.61–3.45) | 0.040 |
| Lymphocytes, /μl | 1137.50 (766.50–1457.75) | 1376.00 (1075.00–1934.75) | 1060.50 (580.00–1376.25) | 0.004 |
| T lymphocyte, % | 69.00 (61.50–77.50) | 71.00 (64.50–77.25) | 68.00 (59.00–78.00) | 0.351 |
| T lymphocyte count, /μl | 802.00 (455.00–1069.00) | 975.00 (685.00–1365.00) | 731.00 (377.25–1019.50) | 0.004 |
| CD4+ lymphocyte, % | 37.00 (30.75–41.25) | 38.50 (33.00–43.25) | 35.50 (30.25–41.00) | 0.449 |
| CD4+ lymphocyte count, /μl | 425.00 (257.75–573.50) | 540.00 (364.00–724.00) | 377.00 (196.00–513.00) | 0.002 |
| CD8+ lymphocyte, % | 30.00 (24.00–37.00) | 28.00 (24.00–32.75) | 31.00 (24.00–38.00) | 0.739 |
| CD8+ lymphocyte count, /μl | 366.00 (197.50–505.00) | 417.00 (295.00–545.00) | 326.50 (137.00–490.50) | 0.059 |
| < 190 | 15/65 (23.1) | 1/19 (5.3) | 14/46 (30.4) | 0.049 |
| 190–1140 | 50/65 (76.9) | 18/19 (94.7) | 32/46 (69.6) | |
| B lymphocyte, % | 12.00 (9.75–17.00) | 12.00 (9.00–13.75) | 12.00 (10.00–19.25) | 0.082 |
| B lymphocyte count, /μl | 126.50 (85.00–184.75) | 141.50 (103.50–224.50) | 122.00 (66.00–169.25) | 0.068 |
| < 90 | 19/66 (28.8) | 4/18 (22.2) | 15 (31.1) | 0.471 |
| 90–660 | 47/66 (71.2) | 14/18 (77.8) | 33 (68.8) | |
| NK lymphocyte, % | 14.00 (10.00–23.00) | 13.00 (8.75–27.25) | 14.50 (10.00–23.00) | 0.754 |
| NK lymphocyte count, /μl | 155.50 (74.75–242.00) | 159.50 (131.50–322.25) | 142.00 (65.75–211.00) | 0.343 |
| CD4/CD8 | 1.16 (0.93–1.58) | 1.41 (1.07–1.59) | 1.13 (0.85–1.53) | 0.566 |
| NLR | 2.08 (1.46–3.76) | 1.68 (1.46–2.73) | 2.25 (1.46–6.18) | 0.001 |
Bold indicates the difference is statistically significant
Data are median (IQR), n (%), or n/N (%), where N is the total number of patients with available data. P values compare patients with and without pneumonia using χ2 test, Fisher’s exact test, or student t test
COVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019, ABE actual base excess, CRP C-reactive protein, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, IL-6 interleukin-6, NLR neutrophils/lymphocytes ratio, PaCO2 partial pressure of carbon dioxide in artery, PaO2 partial pressure of oxygen, PH hydrogen ion concentration, SaO2 arterial oxygen saturation, WBC white blood cell