Table 2.

Results from the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale. Numbers in square brackets represent 95% confidence intervals.

		Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Score		Difference [95% CI]	p	Effect size (Hedges G) [95% CI]	Low mental health/probable depression (WEMWBS ≤ 40)		Odds ratio
Sample		2020	2019				2020	2019
Gender	Male	45.9	51.5	5.6 [5.1, 6.1]	<0.001	0.57 [0.52, 0.62]	30.0 [28.2, 31.8]	12.0 [11.1, 13.0]	3.14 [2.76, 3.56]
	Female	44.2	51.0	6.8 [6.4, 7.1]	<0.001	0.70 [0.66, 0.73]	35.5 [34.6, 36.4]	12.4 [11.6, 13.3]	3.94 [3.59, 4.31]
Age	16–24	41.2	50.3	9.1 [8.0, 10.2]	<0.001	0.95 [0.83, 1.06]	46.1 [42.3, 49.9]	14.0 [11.3, 17.0]	7.20 [5.45, 9.50]
	25–34	41.4	50.2	8.8 [8.1, 9.4]	<0.001	0.92 [0.84, 1.00]	47.5 [45.2, 49.8]	14.9 [12.9, 17.0]	6.31 [5.26, 7.57]
	35–44	43.2	50.7	7.5 [6.8, 8.1]	<0.001	0.79 [0.72, 0.86]	38.3 [36.5, 40.3]	13.7 [11.9, 15.7]	3.91 [3.28, 4.67]
	45–54	44.9	50.1	5.1 [4.6, 5.7]	<0.001	0.53 [0.47, 0.59]	32.4 [30.7, 34.0]	15.3 [13.5, 17.1]	2.66 [2.27, 3.10]
	55–64	45.7	50.8	5.1 [4.6, 5.7]	<0.001	0.51 [0.45, 0.57]	30.3 [28.6, 32.1]	13.7 [12.1, 15.3]	2.75 [2.35, 3.22]
	65–74	47.8	52.9	5.1 [4.4, 5.9]	<0.001	0.56 [0.47, 0.65]	23.3 [20.3, 26.4]	8.0[6.9, 9.4]	3.48 [2.75, 4.41]
	75+	49.8	52.7	2.9 [2.1, 3.7]	<0.001	0.31 [0.22, 0.39]	16.4 [14.1, 19.0]	8.2[6.8, 9.8]	2.21 [1.70, 2.88]