Table 2.
Clinical features, disease classification of patients with COVID-19 with and without GI symptoms.
| All patient (n = 1077) | Patients with GI symptoms (n = 359) | Patients without GI symptoms (n = 718) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GI symptoms | ||||
| Abdominal pain | 38 (3.5) | 38 (10.6) | 0 (0) | |
| Acid reflux | 12 (1.1) | 12 (3.3) | 0 (0) | |
| Nausea or vomiting | 71 (6.6) | 71 (19.8) | 0 (0) | |
| Abdominal distension | 38 (3.5) | 38 (10.6) | 0 (0) | |
| Diarrhea | 208 (19.3) | 208 (57.9) | 0 (0) | |
| Tenesmus | 9 (0.8) | 9 (2.5) | 0 (0) | |
| Belching | 6 (0.6) | 6 (1.7) | 0 (0) | |
| Other symptoms | ||||
| Fever | 777 (72.1) | 287 (79.9) | 490 (68.2) | <0.001 |
| Cough | 267 (24.8) | 168 (46.8) | 99 (13.8) | <0.001 |
| Chest tightness | 143 (13.3) | 60 (16.7) | 83 (11.6) | 0.019 |
| Chest pain | 20 (1.9) | 6 (1.7) | 14 (1.9) | 0.816 |
| Dyspnoea | 105 (9.7) | 52 (14.5) | 53 (7.4) | <0.001 |
| Myalgia | 61 (5.7) | 31 (8.6) | 30 (4.2) | 0.003 |
| Headache | 28 (2.6) | 12 (3.3) | 16 (2.2) | 0.311 |
| Fatigue | 240 (22.3) | 103 (28.7) | 137 (19.1) | <0.001 |
| Time of onset of GI symptoms | ||||
| On initial presentation | 107 (9.9) | 107 (29.8) | 0 (0) | |
| During hospitalization | 252 (23.4) | 252 (70.2) | 0 (0) | |
| Disease classification | <0.001* | |||
| Mild | 29 (2.7) | 2 (0.5) | 27 (3.8) | |
| Moderate | 485 (45.0) | 118 (32.9) | 367 (51.1) | |
| Severe | 502 (46.6) | 212 (59.1) | 290 (40.4) | |
| Critical | 61 (5.7) | 27 (7.5) | 34 (4.7) |
Data are median (IQR) or n (%). p-values were calculated using Mann-Whitney U-test, χ2-test, or Fisher's exact-test, as appropriate. GI, gastrointestinal.
*
χ2-test comparing all subcategories.