Table 3.
Medications Prescribed at Discharge According to Appropriateness and Their Impact on Drug‐Related Adverse Events and Rehospitalizations, ED Visits, and Death in 30 Days After Discharge
| Outcome | Model | Medications Prescribed at Discharge | Risk of Outcome, No. (%) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR(95% CI)a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adverse drug event | 1 | Binary | |||
| No community PIMs | 98 (8.0) | Reference | Reference | ||
| At least one community PIM | 120 (10.2) | 1.31 (0.99‐1.73) | 1.32 (0.98‐1.80) | ||
| No new PIMs | 136 (8.3) | Reference | Reference | ||
| At least one new PIM | 82 (10.9) | 1.35 (1.01‐1.81) | 1.41 (1.05‐1.90) | ||
| 2 | Continuous | ||||
| Community non‐PIMs | 1.00 (0.96‐1.04) | 0.96 (0.91‐1.02) | |||
| Community PIMs | 1.10 (1.01‐1.20) | 1.10 (1.01‐1.21) | |||
| New non‐PIMs | 1.04 (0.97‐1.11) | 1.06 (0.98‐1.14) | |||
| New PIMs | 1.19 (1.00‐1.41) | 1.21 (1.01‐1.45) | |||
| Outcome | Medications Prescribed at Discharge | Incidence Rate (95% CI)a | Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR(95% CI)a | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time to ED visit, rehospitalization, or death | 3 | Binary | |||
| No community PIMs | 1.36 (1.23‐1.50) | Reference | Reference | ||
| At least one community PIM | 1.67 (1.52‐1.83) | 1.17 (1.05‐1.32) | 1.11 (0.97‐1.30) | ||
| No new PIMs | 1.45 (1.33‐1.58) | Reference | Reference | ||
| At least one new PIM | 1.64 (1.46‐1.84) | 1.12 (0.98‐1.29) | 1.22 (1.00‐1.49) | ||
| 4 | Continuous | ||||
| Community non‐PIMs | 1.02 (1.00‐1.04) | 0.99 (0.96‐1.02) | |||
| Community PIMs | 1.07 (1.03‐1.12) | 1.05 (1.00‐1.10) | |||
| New non‐PIMs | 1.04 (1.01‐1.07) | 1.05 (1.01‐1.10) | |||
| New PIMs | 1.11 (1.03‐1.19) | 1.13 (1.03‐1.26) | |||
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; ED, emergency department; HR, hazard ratio; OR, odds ratio; PIM, potentially inappropriate medication.
Adjusted for conditional probability of being prescribed at least one PIM, discharge unit, and destination.
a
Per 100 person‐days.