Table 1.

Secondary causes of Raynaud's phenomenon. Reproduced from Devgire V, Hughes M. Raynaud's phenomenon. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2019;80:658–64.

Vascular (usually proximal large vessel disease, often unilateral symptoms)	Compressive (eg cervical rib) Obstructive: non-inflammatory (ie atherosclerosis); inflammatory vascular disease (eg thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease))
Occupational	Hand–arm-vibration syndrome (vibration white finger)
Autoimmune conditions	Systemic sclerosis Systemic lupus erythematosus Sjogren's syndrome Mixed connective tissue disease/overlap syndromes Undifferentiated connective tissue disease Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies
Drug-/chemical-related	Amphetamines Beta-blockers Bleomycin Cisplatin Clonidine Cyclosporine Interferons Methysergide Polyvinyl chloride
Conditions associated with increased plasma viscosity and reduced digital perfusion	Cryoglobulinaemia Cryofibrinogenaemia Paraproteinaemia Malignancy (including as a paraneoplastic phenomenon)
Other causes and associations	Carpal tunnel syndrome Frostbite Hypothyroidism