Table 1.
Description of included studies investigating the association between TAI status and IVF/ICSI outcomes
| Study | Year | Study Population | Study Design | Thyroid autoantibodies tested and cut-off values | Assay used for thyroid antibodies | TAI+ patients | TAI+ TSH Levels | TAI- patients | TAI- TSH Values | ART procedure | Outcomes | Quality of evidence a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muller [12] | 1999 | Women undergoing IVF March 1994–March 1996 | Prospective | TPO-Ab: normal range < = 80 IU/ml | RIA | 25 | 3.5+/−3.6 | 148 | 1.7+/−1.7 | IVF | MR | 7 |
| Poppe [13] | 2003 | Women undergoing ART October 1999–November 2000 | Prospective | TPO-Ab: normal range < 100 KU/L | RIA | 32 | 1.6 (0.02–4.1) | 202 | 1.3 (0.05–3.6) | IVF/ICSI | CPR, CMR, BPL, MR, LBR/CP, ET | 8 |
| Negro [30] | 2007 | Women undergoing ART Jan 2000- Jan 2006 | Retrospective Cohort | TPO-Ab: normal range < 100 KU/I | RIA | 374 | - | 42 | - | IVF/ICSI | MR, ET, NOR | 7 |
| Kilic [31] | 2008 | Women with unexplained fertility undergoing first ART procedure Jan 2006-Feb 2007 | Prospective Cohort |
TPOAb: normal< 34 IU/ml, Tg Ab: normal < 150 IU/ml |
Electrochemiluminescence | 23 | 2.21+/−1.25 | 31 | 1.99+/− 1.11 | IVF | CPR, BPL, NOR | 7 |
| Revelli [32] | 2009 | Women undergoing ART Feb 2004 – May 2008 | Retrospective Cohort |
TPO-Ab: normal range < 35 U/ml TG-Ab: normal range < 40 IU/ml |
Immunofluorescence |
38 (52 cycles) |
2+/− 1.2 | 200 | 2.2+/− 1.1 | IVF | CPR, CMR, MR, NOR | 8 |
| Zhong [33] | 2012 | Women undergoing ART Aug 2009 - Aug 2010 | Retrospective Cohort |
TPO-Ab: normal range < 5.61 IU/ml TG-Ab: normal range < 4.11 IU/ml |
CMIA |
90 (156 cycles) |
– |
676 (981 cycles) |
– | IVF/ICSI | MR, IR, ET, NOR | 8 |
| Karacan [34] | 2013 | Infertile women undergoing ICSI May 2009–July 2012 | Prospective cohort | TPO-ab: normal < 35 IU/ml Tg-Ab: normal< 115 IU/ml | ECLIA | 34 | 1.89+/− 1.18 | 219 | 1.74+/− 1.24 | ICSI | CPR, CMR, BPL, MR, IR, ET, NOR | 8 |
| Chai [14] | 2014 | Infertile women undergoing first IVF/ICSI cycle between Feb 2007 and Dec 2009* | Retrospective cohort | TPO-ab: normal < 9 IU/ml Tg-Ab: normal< 4 IU/ml | TPO antibody reagent pack | 89 | 1.5 (0.35–2.47) | 419 | 1.4 (0.32–2.50) | CPR, CMR, MR, LBR/CP | 7 | |
| Tan [35] | 2014 | Women undergoing ICSI 1997–2006 | Retrospective |
TPO-ab: normal < 35 U/L Tg-Ab: normal < 40 U/L |
Chemiluminescence | 110 | 1.7+/− 0.7 | 725 | 1.5+/− 0.6 | ICSI | CPR, CMR, MR, LBR/CP | 8 |
| Lukaszuk [15] | 2015 | Women undergoing ART April 2010–April 2012 | Retrospective | TPO-ab: normal < 34 IU/mL | ECLIA | 114 | All euthyroid | 495 | All euthyroid | ICSI | CPR, CMR, MR, LBR/CP, IR | 7 |
| Sakar [23] | 2016 | Women undergoing ICSI July 2013–March 2014 | Prospective case-control |
TPO-ab: normal < 35 U/L Tg-Ab: normal < 78 U/L |
ELISA |
31 (32 cycles) |
2.35+/− 1.84 |
121 (126 cycles) |
1.97+/− 2.07 | ICSI | CPR, CMR, BPL, MR, NOR | 8 |
| Chen [21] | 2017 | Infertile women Jan 2015-Dec 2015** | prospective cohort | TPO-Ab: normal range < 34kIU/L | ECLIA | 214 | - | 844 | - | IVF/ ICSI | CPR, CMR, IR, ET, NOR | 8 |
| Zhuang [24] | 2017 | Women undergoing ICSI Mar 2011-Oct 2013*** | Retrospective cohort |
TPO-Ab, TG-Ab Cut-off values not reported |
Not Reported | 127 | All euthyroid | 662 | All euthyroid | IVF | CPR, NOR | 7 |
| Devi [22] | 2019 | Women undergoing IVF Nov 2014- Apr 2016 | Prospective cohort |
TPO-ab: normal < 50 IU/ml Tg-Ab: normal < 100 IU/ml |
ELISA | 17 | All euthyroid | 64 | All euthyroid | IVF | CPR, NOR | 8 |
aAssessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale
*Only euthyroid women included
**Only women with TPO-ab were included to prevent sample overlap
***Only women with TSH ≤ 2.5mIU/L included
CPR, clinical pregnancy rate; CMR, clinical miscarriage rate; BPL, biochemical pregnancy loss; MR; miscarriage rate according to all definitions; LBR/CP, live birth rate per clinical pregnancy; LBR/ cycle, live birth rate per cycle; IR, implantation rate; ET, numbers of embryos transferred; NOR, number of oocytes retrieved